“nominally significant”

Of the remaining 162 variants, directional consistency was noted for 135 (83.3%) in the meta‐analysis, among which 55 (34.0%) were nominally significant ( p < 0.05).

We found that 18 of the 108 proteins investigated were influenced by storage time (Supplementary Table 1, nominally significant, p < 0.05), and one protein (Cancer antigen 125; CA-125 also known as Mucin 16) remained statistically significant after correction for testing of multiple hypotheses (Bonferroni, p < 0.05/108 = 4.6 × 10 − 4 ).

Among the top 10 CpG sites from the meta‐analysis, five CpG sites were at least nominally significant (unadjusted p value < 0.05) in all three cohorts, namely cg18609149 ( AC009950.2 ) for p‐tau, cg00679256 ( RP11‐56I23.1 ) and cg09606840 ( DNPH1 ) for Aβ42+ vs.

Although several GO categories showed nominally significant enrichment ( P -value < 0.05), none of these categories survived FDR correction ( q > 0.05 in all cases; Table S7 ).

Differential gene expression analyses of CD11b + cells in VAT and SAT from individuals with obesity revealed nominally significant differences in the gene expression profile (FDR p < 0.05, absolute fold change > 1.5; Figure 1A,B ).

Using GWAS summary statistics for SMDs and MI, along with gene-level eQTLs, the MR analyses detected 127, 165, and 288 nominally significant causal genes ( p value < 0.05).

However, nominally significant ( p < 0.05) associations were found for 15 pairs, 14 of which involved small or very small VLDLs and CpG sites in either SREBF1 or CPT1A .

Index SNPs in 19 of the 21 loci exhibited interactions with alcohol as evidenced by either a suggestive 1 df interaction test or a significant/suggestive joint 2 df test in conjunction with a nominally significant ( p < 0.05) 1 df interaction test; two PP loci (represented by rs4953404 and rs12292796) appeared to be driven by main effects only (1 df interaction tests have p -values > 0.3 as shown in Table 3 ) and will be excluded from further discussion (see Figures S8 – S14 for the regional association plots for all the significant and suggestive loci).

Although the DM subgroup result was nominally significant ( p < 0.05), it did not remain statistically significant after Bonferroni correction for four subgroup comparisons (adjusted significance threshold p < 0.0125).

We evaluated how well independent pQTLs reported by the INTERVAL study 9 ( n = 3301) replicated in our results and found 75.6% to be both directionally consistent and nominally significant ( P < 0.05) (Supplementary Note 2 and Supplementary Figs. 6 and 7 ).

For region-level analyses, considering the 136 MR estimates, a Bonferroni-corrected P -value of 0.05/136 (3.676 × 10 − 4 ) was applied, while nominally significant findings were defined as p < 0.05.

In addition, the reduction in FOS expression relative to vRNA+svRNA- cells was nominally significant in both AY69 and T034 ( Figure 4 C; unadjusted p < 0.05).

(i) The MR results using the Wald ratio or IVW methods show a nominally significant association with LUAD or LUSC risk ( P value < 0.05).

All the nominally significant genes ( P < .05) of differential expression with BMD in Chinese are summarized in Table 2 .

A total of 205 risk factor associations were found to be nominally significant ( p < 0.05).

To obtain stringent TFBS predictions, an empirical score distribution was estimated for each PWM for each species' genome as the set of all nominally significant ( P < 0.05) motif scores identified within the target set of promoter sequences [pwm_scan -s 1 -p ln(0.05)].

A strong correlation (|r|≥ 0.80) between the gene expression and DNA methylation profiles was observed at 27% of loci (166 CpGs in 153 genes) in HCT116 cells, out of them, 47 CpGs corresponding to 44 genes were nominally significant ( p < 0.05) ( Supplementary Table 3 ) indicating that observed hypermethylations affect cellular function by altering gene expression in cancer cell lines.

For any medication with a nominally significant association ( p < .05), the same analysis was repeated in the chemotherapy group to test for nonspecific effects.

Using a nominally significant cutoff ( p < 0.05), 30 module-trait relationships emerge, with a range from zero to six significantly correlated modules per trait.

To verify the reliability of these polygenic associations, we repeated the analyses using PRS comprising only the 108 sentinel genome-wide significant schizophrenia variants 15 , based on the assumption that the effect size estimates of genome-wide significant variants should be less affected by population structure than non-significant variants; 77 of the 104 associated traits were nominally significant ( P < 0.05) based on the PRS comprising only genome-wide significant variants.

5 ; p < 5 × 10 −8 ) were also at least nominally significant in the other niche ( p < 0.05), consistent with our and previous findings that tongue dorsum and salivary microbiome communities exhibited high levels of similarity 45 , 46 , especially in the micron-scale structure of oral niches 36 , 47 .

Tests of differences in estimated cell-type composition between trisomic and disomic organoids indicated nominally significant differences ( p < 0.05 by Welch’s t -test before multiple hypotheses correction) for three cell-types—glial progenitor cells, cortical neurons, and interneuron—but after Bonferroni-correction these were no longer statistically significant, with p ≥ 0.23 for all cell-types (see Supplementary Table 1 ).

Associations in the linear regression models are presented as nominally significant ( P < 0.05).

Raw P < 0.05 was considered nominally significant, whereas FDR-adjusted P < 0.05 was considered significant after correction for multiple comparisons.

A total of 19 HLA alleles had nominally significant maternal and/or fetal effects on BW ( P <0.05; Supplementary Table S7 , available as Supplementary data at IJE online); 13 of the 19 alleles had evidence for a maternal effect only, four alleles primarily had evidence for a fetal effect only and two alleles had evidence of both.