“nominally significant”

Using a one-sided Fisher exact test we tested for over representation of significant meQTL SNPs in nominally significant GWAS associations ( p -value < 0.05) using GWAS data from the CARDIoGRAM consortium for CHD [ 20 ] and the DIAGRAM consortium for T2D [ 18 ].

Among the top 10 CpG sites from the meta‐analysis, five CpG sites were at least nominally significant (unadjusted p value < 0.05) in all three cohorts, namely cg18609149 ( AC009950.2 ) for p‐tau, cg00679256 ( RP11‐56I23.1 ) and cg09606840 ( DNPH1 ) for Aβ42+ vs.

However, in turn, only a fraction of these present nominally significant ( P < .05) tissue-by-subtype interactions, and hence harbor effects that are different between the 2 tissues (310 of 1204; 25.7%).

Although with small effects (absolute delta betas < 5%), two CpGs in KTN1 were nominally significant (cg14002714 and cg21059882; p < 0.05).

Here, we report nominally significant CNV windows (i.e., p < 0.05).

Of the remaining 162 variants, directional consistency was noted for 135 (83.3%) in the meta‐analysis, among which 55 (34.0%) were nominally significant ( p < 0.05).

We found that 18 of the 108 proteins investigated were influenced by storage time (Supplementary Table 1, nominally significant, p < 0.05), and one protein (Cancer antigen 125; CA-125 also known as Mucin 16) remained statistically significant after correction for testing of multiple hypotheses (Bonferroni, p < 0.05/108 = 4.6 × 10 − 4 ).

A total of 205 risk factor associations were found to be nominally significant ( p < 0.05).

We evaluated how well independent pQTLs reported by the INTERVAL study 9 ( n = 3301) replicated in our results and found 75.6% to be both directionally consistent and nominally significant ( P < 0.05) (Supplementary Note 2 and Supplementary Figs. 6 and 7 ).

Although several GO categories showed nominally significant enrichment ( P -value < 0.05), none of these categories survived FDR correction ( q > 0.05 in all cases; Table S7 ).

In SMR analyses of gene expression and migraine within the Finnish cohort, six genes—EP300, HDAC3, SIRT1, AARS2, SLC16A1, and SMARCA4—showed nominally significant associations ( P < 0.05).

We combined all nominally significant (edgeR p < 0.05) DET from both brain regions into a single list.

Raw P < 0.05 was considered nominally significant, whereas FDR-adjusted P < 0.05 was considered significant after correction for multiple comparisons.

To obtain stringent TFBS predictions, an empirical score distribution was estimated for each PWM for each species' genome as the set of all nominally significant ( P < 0.05) motif scores identified within the target set of promoter sequences [pwm_scan -s 1 -p ln(0.05)].

Twenty one of the 24 multivariate GWAS loci reaching genome-wide significance had directionally consistent effects in the three studied datasets and 18 were nominally significant ( P < 0.05) in two or more datasets (Supplementary Fig. 1 ).

However, nominally significant ( p < 0.05) associations were found for 15 pairs, 14 of which involved small or very small VLDLs and CpG sites in either SREBF1 or CPT1A .

Index SNPs in 19 of the 21 loci exhibited interactions with alcohol as evidenced by either a suggestive 1 df interaction test or a significant/suggestive joint 2 df test in conjunction with a nominally significant ( p < 0.05) 1 df interaction test; two PP loci (represented by rs4953404 and rs12292796) appeared to be driven by main effects only (1 df interaction tests have p -values > 0.3 as shown in Table 3 ) and will be excluded from further discussion (see Figures S8 – S14 for the regional association plots for all the significant and suggestive loci).

Although the DM subgroup result was nominally significant ( p < 0.05), it did not remain statistically significant after Bonferroni correction for four subgroup comparisons (adjusted significance threshold p < 0.0125).

A total of 19 HLA alleles had nominally significant maternal and/or fetal effects on BW ( P <0.05; Supplementary Table S7 , available as Supplementary data at IJE online); 13 of the 19 alleles had evidence for a maternal effect only, four alleles primarily had evidence for a fetal effect only and two alleles had evidence of both.

Using a nominally significant cutoff ( p < 0.05), 30 module-trait relationships emerge, with a range from zero to six significantly correlated modules per trait.

Sex-specific differences in trends were nominally significant (p < 0.05) in six countries—Benin, Kuwait, Argentina, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Thailand, and Guyana—but only two (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Thailand) remained statistically significant after Bonferroni correction.

We identified genes in each microglial module with nominally significant ( P < 0.05) burden associations with AD, MS, and PD (Fig. 5a ) and calculated the enrichment in each module (Fig. 5b ).

The remaining seven associations were nominally significant in the meta-analysis ( β between −0.05 and −0.07, p < 0.05) (Supplementary Data 2 ).

Identification of QTL and Their Confidence Intervals Although many marker x family combinations were nominally significant to highly significant (comparison wise p ≤ 0.05 to p ≤ 0.001), very few remained significant after PFP corrections for multiple tests.

For region-level analyses, considering the 136 MR estimates, a Bonferroni-corrected P -value of 0.05/136 (3.676 × 10 − 4 ) was applied, while nominally significant findings were defined as p < 0.05.