“highly significant”

The overlap between the DEG sets identified under +N and –N conditions was highly significant ( Supplementary Figure 2 ; hypergeometric test: upregulated genes, P = 9.35 × 10 -64 ; downregulated genes, P = 1.78 × 10 -10 ).

This highly significant enrichment for decreased association of HPL-2 in these regions ( P = 1.25 × 10 −63 ; chi-square test) indicates that in the majority of regions where TDP-1 affects HPL-2 localization, TDP-1's role is to maintain HPL-2's chromatin association.

However, these overlaps were highly significant relative to a genomic background composed of 1-kb bins (Fisher’s exact test, P = 2.6 × 10 -63 for SETα; P = 1.9 × 10 -45 for SETβ), suggesting that SET isoforms are nonrandomly associated with ETV5-bound regulatory loci.

This resulted in highly significant (p < 3.1 × 10 −63 ) separations of positive and negative correlations between functional readouts and lipid abundance ( Figures 4 E–4H and S4 J).

Genes involved in the Fgf/Mapk pathway are up-regulated by Fgf4 overexpression and Cic knockdown Using the stated selection criteria, 122 genes are significantly up-regulated by Fgf4 overexpression and 457 by Cic knockdown ( S1 Table ; Fig 3A , 3B , 3D and 3E ), with a highly significant (p<3.9e-63) overlap of 65 genes up-regulated in both conditions ( Fig 3B , S4 Table ).

There was a strong highly significant correlation between the expression levels extracted from the microarray data and those obtained using EST (Pearson CC = 0.39, P < 10 −62 ) ( supplementary figure S5 , Supplementary Material online).

Both assessments were highly significant ( P = 2e-62, P = 2e-50, hypergeometric test) suggesting that the hotspot database is highly enriched in cancer genes and cancer genes under positive selection.

3 A) are highly significant (Fisher's two-tailed P- value <2.3 × 10 −62 ), whereas for shuffled regions the overlap is decreased to ∼6% and not significant (Fisher's two-tailed P- value>0.059, exact P -values see Supplemental Table S3 ).

Despite this potential for background noise in the overall associations, a number of individual genes stood out as highly significant, most notably a P450 gene (Zt09_7_00450, P = 2.49e − 62) and several major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter genes (Zt09_10_00549, P -values (Wald) = 5.57e − 19; Zt09_7_00012, P = 9.97e − 13; Zt09_7_00453, p-values (Wald) = 1.69e − 18).

Correlation between predicted and observed suicide number was highly significant (n=730, rho=0.56, p=5.56×10 -62 , Spearman correlation test).

Additionally, we have observed a highly significant difference in the expression levels of the conserved duplicates compared to the neofunctionalized (Wilcoxon test, P < 2.5E-61) and specialized genes (Wilcoxon test, P < 2.3E-42) (Fig. 5 B).

Additionally, a highly significant correlation was observed in the scatter plot of gene significance (GS) and module membership (MM) within the MEblue modules (cor = 0.92, p = 2.9e − 61) (Fig. 3 D).

Nevertheless, the concordance of fold-change direction was still highly significant (96% for DA peaks, P = 5.2 × 10 −61 , Fisher’s exact test), thus confirming the robustness of DA signals detected in the discovery cohort.

Our algorithm identified 35 highly significant clusters ( P <10 −60 ), merging factors from different levels of the transcriptional architecture.

We observed a highly significant association between rs7538876 and the methylation status of a CpG island within RCC2 (probe ID cg07965774; p = 10 -60 ), which was the strongest meQTL observed for this SNP (Figure 4 B).

Panel C presents the frequency of genes in each of the 36 possible 6 × 6 matrix of sets and shows that there is highly significant overlap (p<10 -60 likelihood ratio test of clustering of categories).

Despite moderate discrimination (C-index ∼0.67), the model achieved a 3-year Brier score of 0.21, reflecting excellent calibration, and demonstrated highly significant survival separation across predicted risk quartiles (log-rank χ 2 = 304; P < 10 -60 ).

These CpGs revealed a highly significant overlap for iMSCs and iHPCs (hypergeometric distribution; exon 19 −/−: P < 10 −60 , exon 23 −/− : P < 10 −33 ), and for exon 19 −/− and exon 23 −/− (iMSCs: P < 10 −36 , iHPCs: P < 10 −38 ) (Fig. 4 c).

Chi-squared tests ( Supplementary Table 57 ) also showed highly significant associations between sports involvement and sociodemographic factors of race [χ 2 (3, 8593) = 281, p = 1.06e-60], ethnicity [χ 2 (1, 8593) = 81.8, p = 1.49e-19], household income [χ 2 (2, 8593) = 850, p = 2.11e-185], and parental education [χ 2 (4, 8593) = 870, p = 4.37e-187], in that families with a higher household income and greater parental educational attainment were more likely to endorse participation.

Forward perturbation direction theta dynamics model The forward perturbation direction GLME model was overall a highly significant fit to the data ( R 2 = 0.147, F (3703) = 29.70, P = 1.27e −60 ) ( Fig. 5 ).

The link between VIRMA amplification and overexpression was further supported by a correlation analysis of VIRMA copy number values and mRNA expression levels, which demonstrated a highly significant ( p = 3.02e-60, Pearson correlation) positive association (Fig. 5I ).

Quantifying de novo junctions revealed a highly significant increase ( P Value = 10 −59 ) in splicing noise in the UC patients, as compared to the healthy donors (Fig. 5a ).

These ROS-responsive genes overlapped with 207 ++Fe-induced and 10 ++Fe-suppressed genes, and the degree of overlap between ROS-responsive and ++Fe-inducible genes was highly significant ( P = 1.5 × 10 -59 by Fisher’s exact test), confirming that excess Fe causes oxidative stress in leaves ( Figure 6E ).

An example was NMU , for which DAESC-Mix reports highly significant dynamic ASE ( p = 1.93 × 10 − 59 ) and captures the haplotype combinations well ( p f i s h e r = 1.51 × 10 − 6 ).

We observed highly significant genetic correlations, with the strongest overlap between AF and heart failure (r g = 0.57, P = 2.30 × 10 −59 ), suggesting a substantial shared genetic basis.