“an overall trend”

The investigators found an overall trend to healthier purchasing, that may impact diet quality and in the long term if sustained, and positively affect health [ 47 ].

They found an overall trend that earlier age of initiation was associated with subsequent higher frequency of use.

Despite uncertainties, our study supports an overall trend; increased macrophages and CD8 + lymphocytes in COPD submucosa, with neutrophils more prominent in BAL fluid.

A 12-week fish-oil supplementation did not significantly affect plasma cytokine and chemokine concentrations, although an overall trend for an increase of inflammatory markers was observed [ 39 ] and gene expression profiles of chemokines and cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were affected [ 5 , 40 ].

VAF calculated from genotyping of CD34+ cell-derived colonies in liquid culture compared with digital PCR of DNA from the original CD34+ cells showed more variability, with an overall trend toward lower values by genotyping of colonies (Figure 4 A, right panel).

However, the current study revealed that the process is a reversible cycle, with an overall trend of growth.

However, an overall trend was established based on the available data.

Our results suggest the existence of constrictions to burst loci amplification in the 5S rDNA family in polyploids and an overall trend to further reduce their number.

While existing studies show an overall trend, location-specific decoupling of WASH characteristics and their impact on AMR is needed to implement site-specific interventions.

In summary, while differences in individual readouts were not statistically significant, the thermostable vaccine presentation exhibited an overall trend of greater CD4 + T cell cytokine response frequencies compared to the non-thermostable vaccine presentation.

scRNA-seq analysis revealed an overall trend, although not significant, towards reduced BC marker gene expression in alveolar BC, which was, however, not accompanied by expression of specific AT2 cell marker genes.

The decay length shows an overall trend to decrease as the infrared frequency increases.

36 The results revealed an overall trend toward improved visual acuity (+4.3 letters) and decreased foveal thickness (−48 μm).

An overall trend of the HOMO–LUMO gap in these NCs was that with the increase of the number of dopant S atoms, the HOMO–LUMO gap increased gradually.

Therefore, while the current synthesis demonstrates a generally consistent pattern, these results should be interpreted as reflecting an overall trend toward metabolic improvement rather than a precise quantitative convergence.

Discussion Much of the research related to drug checking implementation and accessibility pertains to experiences within larger urban centers where drug checking resources are more often implemented, reflecting an overall trend of harm reduction research and services with limited relevancy for smaller urban and rural serving settings [ 54 , 55 ].

The regional difference in mUIC observed in this adult study was similar to the pattern in children determined by our previous nationwide survey as an overall trend [ 11 ].

Furthermore, Figure 2b showed an overall trend of increased ARB abundance in fresh paddock manure, compared to feedlot and composted manure.

1 ); this meta-analysis suggested an overall trend toward the reduction of risk for colorectal cancer associated with TZD use.

First data are available for the distribution of places of death in Germany, showing an overall trend in places of death [ 11 ].

There was an overall trend of the odds ratios peaking in the age groups 40–59 and 60–69 years, declining thereafter in the older age groups across all examined outcome categories.

An overall trend is that the ingestion of microplastic particles and other debris is typically reflective of the litter in the local area in which the organisms live (Joyce et al. 2002 ; Anastasopoulou et al. 2013 ; Wojcik‐Fudalewska et al. 2016 ; Zhao et al. 2016 ; Erni‐Cassola et al. 2019 ; Lefebvre et al. 2019 ).

The birth cohort effect demonstrates an overall trend of fluctuating growth in disease risk, while DALY rate has gradually declined.

The expression level of RcHSP90s showed an overall trend of and initial increase followed by a decrease from the bud stage and flowering stage to aging stage (Fig. 6 A).

Nonetheless, despite these limitations and the more conservative approach taken towards defining del(17p) positive patients, there was an overall trend in favor of ixazomib- vs placebo-based therapy.