“a substantial trend toward significance”

When hippocampal and cortical cultures were pre-treated with dorsomorphin, an inhibitor of BMP-2 signaling, Smad 1/5/8 phosphorylation diminished with a substantial trend toward significance (p = 0.051).

Men had slightly higher avoidance scores than women (28.8 ± 8.4 versus 27.1 ± 8.6) and slightly lower overdoing scores (20.7 ± 8.7 versus 22.3 ± 9.3), with a substantial trend toward significance ( p = 0.06 and 0.07, resp.).

In this case, though no statistical differences emerged on AQC total score, we found a substantial trend toward significance [ t ( 46 ) = −1.90, p = 0.063].