“a significant trend”

A significant trend is the development of large, pre-trained ‘foundation models’ that learn general representations from massive datasets, which can then be adapted (fine-tuned) for specific downstream applications [ 119 ].

After soaking uncoated seeds of a selected plant species for 8 h using various priming methods, a significant trend in data was observed in biomass.

However, we found a significant trend in the activity change of individual neurons within functional groups with transition from NW- to FW/BW-period: those neurons that were less active during NW-period tended to increase their activity, while those neurons that were more active during NW-period tended to decrease their activity during locomotion.

In summary, there was a significant trend of increased risk of death based on age, with effects more evident for individuals over 65 years old.

In women with WNL/CIN 1, HPV 16 showed a significant trend towards increasing frequency with increasing age (p- trend = 0.01).

There is only a significant trend in the initial screens (AAPC − 1.3%).

These observations are supported by the statistical analyses in Table 4 : even after correcting for RSA, there is a significant trend for antigenic sites to have high mutational tolerance, and for conserved receptor-binding residues to have low mutational tolerance.

In Model 1, the HRs were 0.32 (95% CI: 0.18–0.56) for the third quartile and 0.18 (95% CI: 0.09–0.33) for the fourth quartile, with a significant trend ( p for trend <0.001).

Consistent with these observations we found that AD patients showed increased neural activity over the right posterior middle temporal cortex compared to age-matched controls and that these patterns showed a significant trend in its associations with peak behavioral response in pitch perturbation paradigm.

A significant trend was observed, indicating a higher prevalence of GDM among participants with the highest RC (T3) compared to those with the lowest RC (T1) (p for trend < 0.001) (Table 2 ).

A significant trend across the four categories was observed (P for trend < 0.001).

After adjustment for potential confounders, statistically significant inverse associations were observed for ever asthma, current asthma, current cough, and breathing medication use in the past 12 months comparing rural to large urban children, each with dose response relationships and a significant trend (Table 3 ).

In contrast, only 1 out of 143 proteins (0.7%) in Cluster 7 showed a significant trend, suggesting minimal stage-related alterations in this cluster.

Indeed, a significant trend towards improved data quality and reporting has been documented during this study.

Examination of the crude association between categories of METs and risk for incident diabetes using a Kaplan-Meier cumulative incidence curve revealed a significant trend across categories of METs (log-rank < 0.001) (Fig. 2 ).

Among the infants who developed hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy, there was a significant trend for the ratio to increase with the severity of the hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy in six hours: 2.2±0.5 in the infants with mild encephalopathy, 4.2±1.5 in those with moderate encephalopathy, and 3.4±3.3 in those with severe encephalopathy.

Figure 2 demonstrates a significant trend between increasing upper 2 cm VC volumes and applicator types with increasing ovoid sizes used in the first fraction.

For random glucose, there was a significant trend towards lower values at 6 months and 12 months after treatment completion compared to values both at diagnosis and before maintenance treatment.

For the physical performance tests, we observed a significant trend of greater impairment in vision and touch being significantly associated with worse eSPPB performance in the adjusted models ( p -trend < .05).

Trends and insights Explainable AI in Alzheimer’s research In recent years, the integration of Explainable AI (XAI) techniques has become a significant trend in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research, particularly in enhancing the interpretability and trustworthiness of AI-driven diagnostic models.

DSP alleviates the inflammatory response It can be seen from ( Supplementary Table S3 ) that in the first week of modeling, there was no difference in body weight among rats in each group; by the fourth week, the body weight of rats in the model group was significantly lower than that of rats in the control group ( p < 0.01), and the DSP group showed a significant trend of recovery.

The log CRP level showed a significant trend in the subgroup analysis, which was performed using a linear mixed model.

Table 2 shows the results from these different subgroupings using color coding to enhance easier appraisal of the findings with dark green signifying a significant advantage, pale green signifying a significant trend, yellow signifying similar effectiveness and red signifying a significant disadvantage, for AA/TSF, relative to other active treatments on each given treatment outcome listed across the columns.

Data indicates a significant trend from the first SR documented in the PUBMED/Medline database in 1957 to a total of 38,449 publications by 2022 ( Figure 1 ).

Furthermore, in accordance with other studies, environmental stress did not modify the allometric distribution of biomass among organs, yet the allometric indices and constants exhibited a significant trend with soil salinity ( Eziz et al., 2017 ; Peng et al., 2022 ).