“a negative trend”

The global percentage of change in DALY showed a negative trend of −26.06 % (−41.52 to −10.59) across all WHO regions between 1990 and 2017.

Between 2007 and 2018, the largest growth in annual pharmaceutical expenditure belonged to South Korea, with Greece showing a negative trend in this area [ 11 , 23 ].

Conclusions In this work, we show the effects of the SOX2-iPep in cancer cells and a negative trend between SOX2 mRNA levels and overall survival in breast cancer patients.

In addition, granulation time decreased as the retention efficiency increased ( Figure 6 b), i.e., showing a negative trend (where granulation time = −13.541 × retention efficiency +26.409, R 2 = 0.9704).

In contrast, strains S1C2 and R1C2 showed a negative trend in stem cadmium accumulation.

Both the PC1 and TPI time series show a negative trend for the 44-year period between 1979 and 2022, contributing to strengthen the zonal SST gradient.

Different effects were observed for selectivity: the CO 2 /CH 4 selectivity increased from 8 to 12.5 at increasing the MOF content, but a negative trend was observed in the case of CO 2 /N 2 selectivity.

This can be assessed as a negative trend, as it can negatively affect several health indicators through multiple transmission mechanisms [ 24 , 25 , 26 ].

In contrast, we observed in 6-month-old zebrafish the downregulation of runx2a and sox 9 gene expression and a negative trend of expression in the other investigated genes (sp7 and rank), whereas runx2b increased even if in a manner not statistically significant ( Figure 3 E).

However, the strongest correlation, although being a medium correlation ( r = 0.37), was a negative trend of the duration of the linear growth segments with the cell mass at the onset of the segment (Supplementary Fig. 10i ).

A negative trend was observed for all measures throughout the study period, with the exception of mental and physical health, which exhibited a positive trend (higher scores indicating better subjective well-being).

A negative trend is seen around the coast of Nigeria down to Cameroon despite the presence of major rivers as well as the Niger Delta emphasizing the predominance of upwelling over the river supply from land in NO 3 distribution.

A negative trend was found between expression of CLEC1B in HCC and the progression of tumor distant metastasis ( Figure 3A–N ).

All the partial correlations between expression and K A and between Fop and K A for the four independent nonrecombining data sets (second, third, fourth, and X chromosome) showed a negative trend ( table 4 ).

Slovenia is a good example of such a negative trend with the numbers of PD patients dropping significantly in the period from 2004 to 2014 ( Figure 1 ).

The reduction at week 10 in SEPW1 mRNA levels was negatively correlated with plasma Se concentration (P = 0.022); a negative trend was also observed at the majority of the sampling points of the intervention period ( Figure 2 ).

Several recent epidemiological studies have indicated that the frequency of eating breakfast regularly has been gradually decreasing over time and that it follows a negative trend as a function of age [ 21 ].

The results further demonstrate that patients who played American football and experienced RHI also followed a negative trend with FTD.

These results are quite promising and confirm that PM10 concentrations in Europe have generally shown a negative trend over the last 10 years 30 – 32 .

We did not find a significant association between pretreatment tumor grade and relapse, but a negative trend has been observed in grade III on tumor residual that should be further evaluated in larger cohorts.

Distance to the meadow edges and shoreline had no clear effect on daily nest survival, although they showed a negative trend in the Predation model (Figure 2 , Table 2 , mean P = −0.41, 95% CrI P = [−0.84, 0.01] for meadow edges; mean P = −0.36, 95% CrI P = [−0.82, 0.09] for shoreline).

After an early surge of innovations addressing these basic needs, we document a negative trend of technical solutions for protective measures over time (see D7 and D8), hinting at a quick innovation-driven satisfaction of the need for subsistence and protection.

Besides, the presence of some virulence determinants such as agg and gelE genes in MZF1 and MZF4 cannot be considered as a negative trend since some commercial enterococci starter cultures with a long history of safe use are also known to possess several virulence genes such as ace, asa1, gelE , and esp .

A negative trend was observed between CV and length of CBCD lines (R = −0.77).

Offering adequate rehabilitation efforts may alter a negative trend out of working life when it is given to the right type of patients.