“a decreasing trend”

Although both approaches showed a decreasing trend, the pooled mean at available time points were not statistically significant, warranting cautious interpretation of the findings.

From 2013 to 2023, the ecological compensation for carbon sequestration and oxygen release by livestock in the four major pastoral regions showed a decreasing trend in compensation surplus, indicating that livestock activities have not yet exceeded the carbon sink function’s capacity of grassland ecosystems, and the carbon sequestration and oxygen release function is still effectively absorbing the carbon emission pressure generated by livestock production.

Consistent with our untargeted findings, GSH levels in 5xFAD microglia showed a decreasing trend relative to controls, although the difference did not reach statistical significance ( P = 0.080), probably owing to variability within groups (Supplementary Fig. 8a,b ).

Serum BUN levels showed a decreasing trend in all REAL208-treated groups, with the most notable reduction observed in the 50 mg/kg group (from 37.1 ± 1.7 to 26.9 ± 5.1 mg/dL), indicative of the absence of renal burden.

It indicated that there was a decreasing trend in global ASIR from 1990 to 2021, with an EAPC of −2.39% (Table 1 ). 3.2.

As shown in Figure 4b , in U251 cells the stimulation of M2 mAChR by N‐8‐Iper induced a significant reduction in basal mitochondrial respiration and in mitochondrial ATP production; moreover, only the high dose induced a significant effect on spare respiratory capacity, even though at low dose a decreasing trend was observed.

The 3D plots revealed a decreasing trend in CaCO3 precipitation efficiency with increasing CS concentration, most pronounced at lower urease activity and gradually diminishing as urease activity increased.

A decreasing trend is noticed, confirming the effect of the lower density of rubber, with a 1.5% reduction in unit weight in the 30Ru mix.

Trends of cardiovascular disease prevalence at cancer diagnosis Over the study period, the crude and age-standardized prevalence of CVD at cancer diagnosis exhibited a decreasing trend until 2012 but has remained relatively stable since then.

While AST did not show statistically significant improvement, a decreasing trend was evident in the UDCA group over the study period.

Both the control and natto-supplemented groups exhibited a decreasing trend, with a maximum reduction of approximately 10 %.

The result showed a decreasing trend of NOX4 in the MSE group, which was consistent with the restoration of GSH and SOD ( Fig. 5 I).

2 ) revealed that APCs in urban CMR could be segmented into three distinct periods: a decreasing trend from 2004 to 2013, a significantly accelerated decline from 2013 to 2016, and a significant increase trend from 2016 to 2021.

Impacts of environmental changes and biodiversity: ecological changes in the Gaoligongshan area, especially the reduction of biodiversity, may influence the availability and utilization of medicinal plants, and some traditionally used medicinal plant species are facing a decreasing trend due to factors such as habitat destruction and climate change.

Among them, the expression levels of TaMCA1A-3 and TaMCA3D-3 showed an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend (Fig. 6 A, D), while the expression levels of TaMCA1D-1 and TaMCA5A-3 showed a decreasing trend (Fig. 6 B, F).

However, a decreasing trend of opioids screened positive was observed (from 15.4% in 2016 to 11.6% in 2024).

The number of EX miRNAs showed a decreasing trend with fattening age in all the steers, with a significant reduction at 30 months of age (Fig.

An APC or AAPC greater than 0 indicates an increasing trend, while a value less than 0 indicates a decreasing trend.

After repeated dosing at cisplatin-equivalent levels, the RGD-HMnO2/CDDP group exhibited more pronounced modulation of serum cytokines, including increased IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α and a decreasing trend in IL-10, indicating a potential shift toward a more favorable antitumor immune milieu during treatment (Fig. 5 b).

Serum IL-17 levels showed a decreasing trend.

For non-endometrioid subtypes incidence, we observed a decreasing trend among non-Hispanic Whites (2017–2019: APC, −10.05 %; 95 % CI, −12.48 % to −6.42 %) and Blacks (2016–2019: APC, −8.16 %; 95 % CI, −23.24 % to −0.06 %) aged ≥65 years.

Parameters of macular blood flow showed a decreasing trend following 131I therapy, compared with pretherapy levels.

With the increase of RGC substitution in the diet, ppar-γ , fas , srebp1 , and fabp1 showed a decreasing trend.

Our findings are consistent with Liu et al.’s analysis of GBD data from 1990 to 2019, which also demonstrated a decreasing trend in the burden of refraction disorders [ 5 ].

rTMS significantly attenuated the increases in CD86, Iba-1, and TRPV1 (p < 0.01 for Iba-1; p < 0.05 for the others), while CD40 showed a decreasing trend without statistical significance.