The results of this study also revealed a clear trend toward a decreased intake of carbohydrates as sugar-containing foods by participants during the night hours of Ramadan, which is inconsistent with recent reports [ 34 , 35 , 36 ], indicating increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages after breaking the fast.
Furthermore, the results of the CCK-8 assay showed that the number of cells in each group increased with the extension of culture time, showing a clear trend of proliferation ( Fig. 3 B).
Moreover, in contrast to the results from the analysis at the time point of admission to the ICU, patients that survived ICU treatment demonstrated a clear trend towards lower MLKL serum concentrations compared to patients that succumbed to death ( Figure 3(b) ).
Further investigation of these factors showed a clear trend as they all significantly reduced base substitutions (−0.4 – −0.6 fold relative to control siRNA per DSB) and deletions (−0.25 – −0.6 fold) around the break, and all have very comparable profiles (Fig. 4A, B ).
On the other hand, comparisons of the matching percentages for plant miRNAs to plant and animal viral genomes did not show a clear trend (Table 3 ).
Follow-up assessment at 3 and 6 months post-transition revealed a clear trend towards improved glycemic regulation.
Satisfaction with Study Diets When comparing both diets after completing both phases, a clear trend was observed with respect to diet preference—participants preferred the diet they were assigned to first ( Figure 4 ).
After stratifying this analysis based on quintiles of Urban Vulnerability index, we did not observe a clear trend in associations between residential proximity to parks and overweight/obesity across the strata.
The results showed a clear trend toward higher values of interleukins (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-9, IL-13, IL-17A, and GM-CSF) in the smoke-exposed group than in the vapor-exposed and control groups, but the differences were not statistically significant.
The same tendencies are also observed for the Cl-LS and the Ze-LS CWs, except for Mn, which does not exhibit such a clear trend.
A clear trend can be observed as the O 2 flow increased, and this series of samples demonstrated the excellent reproducibility of the deposition process and the precise control of O 2 flow achieved through the MFC.
A clear trend of increasing hospitalisations was observed with a higher number of treatable traits, especially in asthma patients aged <60 years, who had significantly increased odds of hospitalisation when presenting with three or more traits (adjusted OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.03–3.42).
Overall, the literature reveals a clear trend toward lightweight, interpretable, and high-performing CNN architectures.
Although there was a clear trend, across the number of individuals, especially with a larger number of individuals, there was no exact threshold when either five or six SNPs were included per RHS-block, which indicates that there was very little difference in CPU time when five or six SNPs were used.
These recent advances highlight a clear trend toward multi-strategy, adaptive optimization frameworks that dynamically coordinate exploration, exploitation, and local refinement—motivating the design of MHHO as a unified and internally consistent enhancement of the Harris Hawks Optimization paradigm.
In our previous investigation, a clear trend was observed that the exchange capacity of HT ZrP decreased as the acid concentration used in synthesis increased, with 3 M HT ZrP achieving full exchange and 6 M HT ZrP and 12 M HT ZrP achieving 89 and 83% (5.9 and 5.5 mequiv/g) of the theoretical exchange, respectively.
In Upf1 -KD, CHX-treated, and Upf2 conditional knockout samples, we observed a clear trend of increased PSI values for embryonic NMD_in events and decreased PSI values for NMD_ex events ( Supplemental Figure 4G ).
Bone resorption markers remained within the premenopausal reference range during long-term treatment, but there was a clear trend of increasing values after the evaluation period.
A clear trend was further identified wherein extrusion force decreased with an increase of acetic acid in the formulation.
The model for E does not show a clear trend, and the best one has five convolutional layers with the three hundred nodes (see the Supporting Information Figure S1 for the ECFP, and Tables S2 and S3 for the details of the hyperparameters).
Our findings show a clear trend in SSM at the key monthly intervals.
7 , when the noise level is not higher than 0.3, the perturbed wind speed data still retains a clear trend that resembles the actual wind speed.
Although displaying a clear trend towards overactivity in the ipsilateral hemisphere, it is past-threshold for differential kinase activity in the contralateral hemisphere only.
Across the five districts studied, enzyme activity patterns revealed a clear trend i.e., as insecticide exposure increased over the years, so too did the activity of key detoxifying enzymes, namely α-esterase, β-esterase, MFO, and GST.
There is a clear trend among females in developed countries to experience an earlier onset of puberty, leading to an earlier rather than a delayed development of breasts in young girls.