Excerpts

(±145 SD) of young (open canopy) plantations; a difference which is highly significant (t = -826.5372, p ≤ 0.001).

Household Management Energy Expenditure (HMEE) There was a significant trend for decrements in HMEE from 1965 to 2010 ( F = 458.2, p<0.001), and significant decade-to-decade declines in HMEE from 19.5 Mj/week, 2.8 Mj/day (4663 kcal/week; 666 kcal/day) in 1965 to 11.8 Mj/week, 1.7 Mj/day (2806 kcal/week; 400 kcal/day) in 2010 ( F = 93.1, p <0.001).

2C shows a moderate but highly significant constitutive IFN-β expression and IRF-3 activity -but no NF-κB activity (not shown)- in WT RIG-I-transfected cells (n = 3, p <0.001 when compared to control vector-expressing cells), in agreement with the fact that RIG-I is especially prominent in signaling pathways leading to type I IFNs [2] , [3] , [4] , [15] .

The substrate material (skeleton or polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE) had a highly significant affect on the UV reflectance (One-Way ANOVA, F(3,8) = 82, p<0.001, Fig. 3A ).

A highly significant correlation was found in the cells pre-treated with different concentrations of L-DOPA (Y = 0.924x+11.603, R2 = 0.974, P<0.001).

Results were considered significant if p<0.05, very significant if p<0.01 and extremely significant if p<0.001.

Although most of the genetic variance occurred within the accessions, the differentiation of the accessions and groups was highly significant (p ≤ 0.001).

An ANOVA test revealed highly significant variation (P≤0.001) among genotypes ( Table 2 ).

A larger proportion of genes upregulated by alarm pheromone were upregulated in V+ bees, and a larger proportion of genes downregulated by alarm pheromone were downregulated in V+ bees; this distribution was highly significant (p<0.001, χ 2 = 11.21).

After excluding the four-flash stimulus, a linear regression analysis showed that the number of flashes reported was a highly significant predictor of the number of flashes actually presented ( R 2 = 0.86, F (1,52) = 367.4, p <0.001), with a nearly unitary slope ( β = 0.93, t (52) = 19.2, p <0.001), indicating that as the number of flashes presented increased by one, the number flashes reported was also likely to increase by one.

The trend for increasing risk of low vitamin D with fairer skin types was highly significant despite adjustment for all confounders (p = 0.001).

It is clear that the net effect of gender on the increasing level of HCE is negative and highly significant [ß = -0.148; p<0.001; 95% CI (-0.206, -0.091)]; that is, spending on major morbidity is less likely for females than for males.

In a therapeutic approach using the suicide gene herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-1 -tk ) fused to eGFP, both lentiviral vectors mediated a complete remission of solid tumors as seen on MRI resulting in a highly significant survival benefit (p<0.001) compared to control groups.

The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was 0.944, which is above the recommended value of 0.60, and the Bartlett’s test of sphericity was found to be highly significant ( p < 0.001).

When the variable exposure to violence at home was analyzed singularly in a simple logistic regression, the prediction was highly significant ( p = .001), but when the other factors were taken into account (see Table 3 ), exposure to violence was no longer a significant predictor.

Indeed, while highly significant for Filipinos (p<0.001), we detected only a moderate association of rs2237892 (KCNQ1) with GDM in Japanese subjects (p = 0.03) and none in Pacific Islanders (p = 0.49) ( Table 3 ).

A one-way ANOVA demonstrated a highly significant difference between two or more of these groups (*** p <0.001) and a two-sample, two-tailed t -test was used to evaluate pairwise differences ( Fig 4 ).

The results also agreed with previous findings [58] , [59] that the incubation temperature has highly significant effects on the viral polymerase activity (F = 271; P<0.001).

This difference in the average marginal effects (AMEs) is highly significant according to a Wald test (-.11 SD, p < .001, 95% CI [-.13, -.08]), which provides strong evidence that smaller individual concerns about health risks imply a larger effect of social norms on preventive behaviour, supporting H4.

Our two pairs were marginally significantly different from each other (wald = 9.73, P = 0.08) while lakes and streams were clearly significantly different in MHC allele composition (wald = 15.5, P<0.001).

This value has been classified as a substantial agreement [ 35 ] and is highly significant (p<0.001).

However, the mean age at menarche shows an increasing trend from the poorest to richest wealth quintile and the difference between the women of the poorest wealth quintile with other categories was significant (p<0.001) ( Figure 3 ).

The inter-subject test revealed highly significant differences for focal search (F(1,18) = 14.82, p<0.001) and direct swimming (F(1,18) = 23.31, p<0.001) as well as significant differences for scanning (F(1,18) = 5.78, p<0.05) and perseverance (F(1,18) = 9.87, p<0.05).

This trend was found to be highly significant in the 2-way nested PERMANOVA (N d , P<0.001; S d , P<0.001) which also revealed a highly significant difference amongst sites nested within habitat type for both metrics (N d , P<0.001; S d , P<0.001).

Highly significant differences ( P <0.001) were found between gender and groups, but not for the interaction effect (gender × group; P >0.05) ( Table 1 ).