Excerpts

There was a highly significant tendency of the BV-positive samples to sort to the polymicrobial clade and BV negative samples to the Lactobacillus clade based on either the Amsel ( p < 0.001) or Nugent BV diagnosis ( p < 0.001).

2b ), while the root decomposition rate showed an increasing trend ( R 2 = 0.189, P < 0.001, Fig. 2d ).

5c ; normalized frequency following light activation=15.3±2.8%; highly significant difference from 100%, P <<0.001) and the intensity of the responses to electrical stimulation ( Fig. 5d ; Normalized power, VU, 38.4±12.4; VU+light, 6.1±2.1; P <0.05), even in the continued presence of perfusing VU0463271.

Similarly, there was an overall trend of networks located at different positions along the human disturbance gradient having different species composition ( F = 28.504; P = 0.001) (Supplementary Fig. 9c ).

Moreover, when we fit a model using daily HEI instead of the regular HEI score (with age and BMI as continuous variables and without any interaction terms), daily HEI remained a highly significant predictor of Shannon entropy ( β = 0.019, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.0141, 0.0242])) (Supplementary Table 3 ), reflecting an even stronger effect than the standard HEI coefficient would have shown in that same model ( β = 0.013, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.0085, 0.0179]).

In all statistical tests, P values<0.05 were taken to be significant (0.01≤ P <0.05 * significant; 0.001≤ P <0.01 ** very significant; P <0.001 *** highly significant).

3c and Supplementary Data 5 ) relative to Wilms tumours, analysis using GSEA and the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) 27 , 28 toolset also revealed a highly significant enrichment for homeobox proteins (FWER P <0.001; Supplementary Fig. 7 ) and upregulation of distinct classes of homeobox proteins, which are the canonical targets of polycomb-mediated repression.

Spindle power for gained ‘cued' words without feedback was higher as compared with gained ‘cued+feedback' words ( P =0.05) and the interaction between the factors feedback (‘cued' versus ‘cued+feedback') and memory consequence (‘gains' versus ‘loss') was highly significant ( F (1,19) =15.31, P =0.001; η 2 =0.32).

The correlation between the simulated temperature and the real value is highly significant ( R = 0.96, P < 0.001).

Statistical analysis was performed using the one way/two-way ANOVA or the Student’s t-test with statistical significance assigned at *** P < 0.05 (significant), ** P < 0.01 (moderately significant), *** P < 0.001 (highly significant) and **** P < 0.0001 (extremely significant).

Regarding our main conclusion (i) that colour lightness is consistently correlated to the thermal environment, we found that all 24,000 regressions were highly significant ( t -test, P <0.001) with positive slopes throughout the models, indicating that different evolutionary models do not alter the positive relationship between colour lightness and the thermal environment ( Supplementary Fig. 7 ).

When compared to the 3373 common targets of three B-ARRs, the percentage of overlap dropped to 35.4% which is still highly significant (Fig. 4b ; Fisher’s Exact Test p < 0.001).

The model can make predictions of the WNP TC density averaged over the WNP (0°–60°N,100°E–180°) during June–August, which corresponds to the first half of the WNP TC season 34 , with a highly significant skill ( r = 0.67, p < 0.001) for the first summer (Fig. 5a ) and a moderate skill ( r = 0.39, p = 0.017) for the second summer (Fig. 5b ).

coli genes (Supplementary Table 4 ), a highly significant dependence of functionality on phylogenetic distance for cell-interacting proteins (Mann–Whitney U -test, P < 0.001), but no change for drug-interacting resistance mediators (Mann–Whitney U -test, P = 0.57), was observed.

Although no parity history was available on these publicly available cases, upon applying our PPBC gene signature to this YWBC cohort ( n = 311 patients with both ER+ and ER− disease) we observed a highly significant decrease in 15-year overall survival in breast cancer patients with a PPBC Hi signature score (HR 2.134, p = 0.0011) compared with those with a low score (PPBC Lo, Fig. 5f ).

ARRDC2 , located in the cytoplasmic vesicle and plasma membrane and predicted to be involved in protein transport 28 , showed a highly significant positive linear correlation to lesion growth rate ( R = 0.99, p = 0.0011) (Fig. 3 ).

P mass was highly significant in the model ( P = 0.00129), indicating different J max – V cmax relationships with leaf P mass .

4a ), and combining both markers yielded a highly significant association with worse overall survival ( P = 0.0013) (Supplementary Fig. 4b, c ).

The sentinel SNP nearby UMOD from our study (rs77924615) is a nominally significant eQTL within NephQTL 76 (a database of nephrotic syndrome human kidneys) in the kidney tubules ( p = 0.0014) and has a non-significant effect in the glomerulus ( p = 0.079).

SLCO1B1 locus was nominally significant in the UKBB ( p -value = 1.84e−03) and genome-wide significant in the TC response GWAS for which sample size was larger ( p -value = 1.89E−09, baseline adjusted).

However, we found highly significant differences between age classes, such that juvenile snakes had higher reflectance than adults in all comparisons (all F > 10.77; p < 0.002; Fig. 3b, c , Supplementary Fig.

2a ), leading to highly significant two pairs of negative correlations between SALL4 and miR-200c ( P = 0.002, R = -0.3157, Pearson’s correlation coefficients) or miR-200c and PD-L1 ( P = 0.0007, R = -0.3469, Pearson’s correlation coefficients), accompanied with a positive correlation between SALL4 and PD-L1 expression ( P < 0.0001, R = 0.3773, Pearson’s correlation coefficients) (Fig. 2b ); however, no statistical correlation among these molecules was identified in peritumor regions ( P = 0.2441, R = 0.0771; P = 0.2927, R = 0.0604; P = 0.3921, R = 0.0292, Pearson’s correlation coefficients) (Fig. 2c, d ).

Amongst these, ten corresponded to HERVs, of which nine were Bonferroni significant features in the analysis comprising the full cohort (Bonferroni P < 0.05), whereas the tenth feature was only nominally significant (HERVL18_6p22.1c, TWAS P = 0.002).

Correlation analysis showed that among mice that reached the learning criterion in the cue discrimination task, there was a highly significant ( p = 0.002) correlation, when data from centromedial and centrolateral sites were combined, between learning index and the difference in area under the curve (AUC) of the dopamine responses to reward-predicting and non-reward-predicting cues (Fig. 5c ).

Nevertheless, the difference in decrease between the LSTAs showing ON and OFF polarity is highly significant ( p = 2 × 10 −3 , Fisher exact test).