Excerpts

In all statistical tests, P values<0.05 were taken to be significant (0.01≤ P <0.05 * significant; 0.001≤ P <0.01 ** very significant; P <0.001 *** highly significant).

p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, very significant if 0.001 < p < 0.01 and extremely significant if p < 0.001.

The agreement between the classification based on both campaigns and each single campaign dataset was highly significant (99.3%, k = 0.991, p < 0.001 for the test, when the Baffin Bay was the training set and the Fram Strait dataset was predicted and 92.9% of agreement, k = 0.905, p < 0.001 when reversed, i.e., Fram Strait as training dataset and the Baffin Bay as predicted).

The bias towards the shortest chromosomes is highly significant, P = 0.001.

Regarding our main conclusion (i) that colour lightness is consistently correlated to the thermal environment, we found that all 24,000 regressions were highly significant ( t -test, P <0.001) with positive slopes throughout the models, indicating that different evolutionary models do not alter the positive relationship between colour lightness and the thermal environment ( Supplementary Fig. 7 ).

mansoni eggs led to a highly significant ( P <0.001) decrease in granuloma size compared with the EV and untreated, WT control groups, with mean±s.e. of granuloma/egg ratios of 6.505±0.963, 19.75±1.685 and 16.63±1.597, respectively.

Differences were considered significant when P <0.05 (*), very significant when P <0.01 (**) and highly significant when P <0.001 (***).

4a ) indeed exhibits an increasing trend with the latitude ( r = 0.27, P < 0.001), suggesting a certain association with IGWs.

The first canonical axis was highly significant (eigenvalue = 0.525, F = 31.999, p = 0.0010).

The statistical significances in this work were analyzed via a two-sided Student’s t -test using the software SPSS 20 statistics (version 26.0), n.s., not significant; * P < 0.05, significant; ** P < 0.01, moderately significant; *** P < 0.001, highly significant.

2c , we observed a highly significant difference in predicted neuropathology scores between AD cases and controls (two-sided t test: t = 22.98, p < 0.001), and these differences were more pronounced for MD-AD compared with the other baseline models (results split by dataset are shown in Supplementary Figure 4a ).

The negative binomial model showed a highly significant ( p < 0.001) OR of 0.2 for both 5 μM and 7.5 μM ZL0580, indicating an 80% decrease in vRNA spots per infected cell compared to the untreated control.

Regional Pf prevalence shows a highly significant positive correlation with levels of predicted PPQ-R estimated from the proportions of pm23 amplifications ( R = 0.64, p < 0.001), where periods of lower prevalence were generally characterized by lower PPQ-R proportions, suggesting that switching away from the use of DHA-PPQ as the frontline ACT may have had an impact on prevalence (Supplementary Fig. 6 ).

This association was identified from the results of the variant rs299290 (T > C; minor allele frequency = 0.25), which was not significant at the genome-wide level, but nominally significant in two study phases 12 , 14 , 19 (combined log-relative risk effect = 0.044, p = 0.001).

Overall, the combined pathology scores of rMERS-CoV MA-DUBneg -vaccinated animals were generally lower than for mock-vaccinated animals (Supplementary Fig 5B ) and the difference between the means of both groups was statistically highly significant ( P <0.001, unpaired, two-tailed Student’s t test).

1D to a logistic Binomial regression model showed a highly significant effect of hpi (χ 2 = 132.964, 2 d.f., P < 0.001), mostly driven by the very low infectivity observed 36 hpi.

The increased insulin response was highly significant at 1 mM ( p < 0.001) (Fig. 5b ).

Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05 (*), very significant at p < 0.01 (**), and extremely significant at p < 0.001 (***).

Fisher’s exact test demonstrated a highly significant overlap of 1229 genes between eccDNA-associated and ZGA gene sets ( P value < 0.001; Supplementary Fig. 1B , right), which was not observed in random controls (Supplementary Fig. 1C ).

An example of a highly significant d-colocalized pair is THBS1-COL5A1 , which appears as a proximal pair (PP test p-value < 0.001, at d = 4 μm) in ~67% of the 3,147 cells where both genes were detected (Supplementary Fig. 3 ).

We removed SNPs from the meta-analysis if they exhibited highly significant heterogeneity across studies (Cochran Q I 2 P -value ≤ 0.001), or co-located with CpG from the DNAm age predictors according to the Illumina annotation file for the Illumina Infinium 450K array.

hepatica , proxies of six variables found to be significant in previous studies 6 , 7 were highly significant (all p < 0.001), as was herd size (p < 0.001).

P ‐values were calculated, and statistical significance was reported as highly significant with *** P < 0.001.

This difference is highly significant compared to all other individual time intervals ( P < 0.001; N = 136; two-sided heteroscedastic Student ́s T -test).

The two-decade trajectory reveals an increasing trend in global mining-driven deforestation from 2001 to 2012 ( + 90.26 km 2 /year, p < 0.001), followed by a decline since 2013 (−50.73 km 2 /year, p < 0.001) (Fig. 2d ).