The results were considered significant at P < 0.05 (*), very significant at P < 0.01 (**), and extremely significant at P < 0.001 (***).
Excerpts
Overall, the combined pathology scores of rMERS-CoV MA-DUBneg -vaccinated animals were generally lower than for mock-vaccinated animals (Supplementary Fig 5B ) and the difference between the means of both groups was statistically highly significant ( P <0.001, unpaired, two-tailed Student’s t test).
We additionally verified that the observed correlation was highly significant by permuting gene labels in the ABC dataset ( p value < 0.001 over 1000 permutations).
The difference in MH frequency between UBA and RUL is statistically highly significant ( p < 0.001), indicating a robust association between urban proximity and higher MH occurrence.
We found a highly significant, positive interaction (p < 0.001) effect between MAPK-pathway altered diffuse low-grade gliomas relative and clusters 1 and 2 (Fig. 3F , Supplementary Fig. 4 ), indicating over-representation of tumors with a higher expression of immune infiltrate-related genes with this tumor entity.
The model can make predictions of the WNP TC density averaged over the WNP (0°–60°N,100°E–180°) during June–August, which corresponds to the first half of the WNP TC season 34 , with a highly significant skill ( r = 0.67, p < 0.001) for the first summer (Fig. 5a ) and a moderate skill ( r = 0.39, p = 0.017) for the second summer (Fig. 5b ).
Further stratification of patients into asymptomatic, mild, moderate, and severe infections highlighted an increasing trend in viral load concentrations (Fig. 2B , right), with significant differences in median viral loads overall across all severity levels ( P < 0.001 by Kruskal-Wallis H test).
ITA values had a highly significant difference between pigmented and non-pigmented patches ( p < 0.001, linear mixed effects model; Fig. 4C ).
In the SPG, the dAl closely followed the change in surface ε Nd , showing a highly significant positive correlation (n = 19, R 2 = 0.88, p < 0.001, Fig. 6c ).
4a ) indeed exhibits an increasing trend with the latitude ( r = 0.27, P < 0.001), suggesting a certain association with IGWs.
An example of a highly significant d-colocalized pair is THBS1-COL5A1 , which appears as a proximal pair (PP test p-value < 0.001, at d = 4 μm) in ~67% of the 3,147 cells where both genes were detected (Supplementary Fig. 3 ).
However, when analyzed on cluster level, principal component analysis (PCA) revealed highly significant segregation of the immune profiles before and after hookworm infection (Fig. 2B , PERMANOVA P < 0.001).
4C becoming highly significant (both increasing vs increasing-decreasing p = 0.001; both increasing vs other p = 0.013; both decreasing vs increasing-decreasing p < 0.001; both decreasing vs other p < 0.001; LME post-hoc tests, Tukey correction), as well as the difference between increasing-decreasing and other pairs becoming significant ( p = 0.040).
The lower prevalence of parasitism in the naïve catfish treatment was highly significant (Generalised Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) with binomial error distribution, n = 509 host clutches; naïve vs. experienced catfish: z = 4.31, P < 0.001; naïve vs. highly experienced catfish: z = 3.60, P < 0.001), but the probability of parasitising cichlid clutches did not differ between experienced and highly experienced catfish ( z = 0.75, P = 0.452) (Supplementary Table 2 ).
By contrast, the global OH abundance in the SSP370 scenario exhibits a decreasing trend of 0.037‒0.15% yr −1 ( P < 0.001) over 2015‒2100 among these models, together with an increase in tropospheric O 3 of 0.11‒0.17% yr −1 ( P < 0.001) (Supplementary Figs. 3 and 4 ).
Between lactation days 1 to 15 there was a highly significant effect of day of lactation (RM GLM F = 35.18, P < 0.001) as well as a significant effect of diet ( F = 5.134, P = 0.041) on maternal gross FI.
2c , we observed a highly significant difference in predicted neuropathology scores between AD cases and controls (two-sided t test: t = 22.98, p < 0.001), and these differences were more pronounced for MD-AD compared with the other baseline models (results split by dataset are shown in Supplementary Figure 4a ).
Compositionally distinct but overlapping communities There was a highly significant compositional difference among biotopes (Adonis test: F 13, 201 = 6.64, R 2 = 0.293, P < 0.001; Fig. 3a ).
Regional Pf prevalence shows a highly significant positive correlation with levels of predicted PPQ-R estimated from the proportions of pm23 amplifications ( R = 0.64, p < 0.001), where periods of lower prevalence were generally characterized by lower PPQ-R proportions, suggesting that switching away from the use of DHA-PPQ as the frontline ACT may have had an impact on prevalence (Supplementary Fig. 6 ).
A Procrustes test comparing the NMDS plots of composition and function at the end of the experiment recovers a strong and highly significant correlation: 0.8991, p = 0.001 (Fig. 4c ).
Using the categorization based on the three criteria, a highly significant percentage of the CNO-treated mice (50.0%) was considered addicted as compared to the control animals (16.7%, chi-square, P < 0.001, Fig. 3l ).
Although the overall number of significant tests between clusters at each follow-up remained stable at each follow-up, the number of highly significant pairwise statistical test (i.e., p < 0.001) decreased from 60.0 to 36.7%.
The terms clustered semantically along the X -axis based on the similarity: highly significant terms ( p < 0.001) including “actin cytoskeleton organization” and “fiber polymerization,” clustered on the left, progressed to “response to mechanical stimuli” and terminated on the right with signaling pathways, including G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR), regulation of interleukin-8 (CXCL8) production, and Rho protein signal transduction (Fig. 4e , Supplementary Fig. 3b ).
The quantitative data confirmed the previous qualitative observation in revealing a highly significant increased incidence of Type 1 cells in Cyfip1 +/− (LME: χ 2 (1) = 68.49, p < 0.001, Fig. 4c ).
Statistical analysis was performed using the Student’s t -test with statistical significance assigned at * P < 0.05 (significant), ** P < 0.01 (moderately significant), *** P < 0.001 (highly significant), and **** P < 0.0001 (extremely significant).