Excerpts

PPI networks identified by STRING analysis showed highly significant functional associations (PPI enrichment p -value < 1.0 -15 , for both γ-ray and X-ray irradiation response analyses).

At α = 0.05, there were highly significant differences among the predicted genotypic effects ( P = 1.33e-14) when compared to the population mean (μ) (Supplementary Table 2 ).

Venn diagram analysis identified 1,574 overlapping candidates that were both differentially expressed and differentially methylated ( Figure 4D ), a highly significant overlap (P < 1.9×10 −14 ).

Correlation between Hong Kong Red List and four traits At the national scale, Spearman’s rank correlation indicated a weak but statistically significant positive association between China Red List status and habitat ( r s = 0.153, P = 0.0062; P < 0.05), and a negligible yet highly significant positive correlation with trade ( r s = 0.009, P = 2.956E-13; P < 0.001).

The most prominent peak was detected on chromosome 19 at position 45,281,163 bp, with a highly significant P-value of 6.03 × 10 –1 3 (-log 10 (P) = 12.22).

Expanding the observation to cells that showed morphological changes, including elongation, that preceded divisions, another 87 cells appeared to be preparing for division in aggregates while none of the isolated cells showed any shape change, which was a highly significant difference (24.3% vs 0%, two-sided p< 10 - 11).

In particular, the lead SNP with highly significant P -values ( P = 6.5E-11 in Env. 1 and P = 5.4E-16 in Env. 2) was identified in the whole population and indica subpopulation ( Figures 4A – C , Table 1 , and Supplementary Table S5 ).

Average Movement Duration, Velocity and Distance The average duration of movement events is the most distinctive feature of thrips behavior between these two genotypes with highly significant scores of P = 10 −10 in the best experiment 3 with 39 samples ( Tables 1 , 2 ).

Finally, we found a highly significant overlap ( p = 4.08 e –10) of 20 DEGs between Mp spirrig and Atspirrig ( Supplementary Table S5 ).

Additionally, the Fisher’s LSD test showed highly significant differences within genotypes for HCS (p = 6.7e -9 ), DV85 (p = 2e -9 ), and NDCMP49 (p = 4.6e -10 ;).

The Kruskal–Wallis H test showed highly significant effects of water treatment on both plant height ( p =1.23×10 -8 ) and petiole count ( p = 4.40×10 - 12 ).

A highly significant non-synonymous SNP was found at position 15,656,689 ( p -value = 5.61 × 10 –8 ) in an ankyrin repeat protein (Medtr2g438720), and the surrounding region contained multiple ankyrin repeat genes within 1 kb of many top SNPs ( Figure 4A and Table 2 ).

A total of three and six multi-trait QTL were identified under three metal conditions with extremely significant values, p = 7.4E-7 and 5.1E-15, and were closely positioned (MT1.1 for SL and RL; MT1.2 for SL, RL, and SDW) at 35.5 Mb and 38.4 Mb of chromosome 1, respectively.

Analysis of data from field Summer 2018 and greenhouse Spring 2019 showed very highly significant correlations (all P values <2.0E−06) between the two conditions for all four traits (cuticle thickness—r = 0.99; intercalation depth r = 0.96; diameter of lipid droplets r = 0.84; epidermal cell height r = 0.86) ( Supplementary Table 6 ).

Hypergeometric tests showed a highly significant overrepresentation of genes of the non-normalized modules in each normalized module (P<0.00001) consistent with similar networks being recovered by the two approaches.

However, year was highly significant ( P < 0.00001), while PI x year interaction was not significant ( P < 0.623).

Mean linearized ITs of the ALDVICO to all pathogen races of the same species were positively correlated with one another and highly significant (P< 0.00001) ( Supplementary Figure S4 ).

A total of 259 highly significant ( P ≤ 1 × 10 –5 ) marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified for seven phenotypic traits.

An extremely significant threshold of P < 1.48 × 10 -5 was used to determine that a total of 213 SNPs were associated with cold tolerance (data not shown).

ANOVA analyses of the treated leaves demonstrated highly significant effects of both sesquiterpene ( P = 1.70e -5 ) and application method ( P = 6.31e -5 ) on blade area ( Figure 8b ).

Polarity and fiber content showed highly significant variation (F = 17.27, p = 3.97 × 10 -5 ; and F = 34.73, p = 8.12 × 10 -9 , respectively).

For falling number, a nearly significant region was found on chromosome 7B ( p -value = 4.3 * 10 −5 ) with an allele frequency of 89% for the advantageous allele (Figure 5D ).

50 synonymous), and highly significant G -test results ( G = 15.20, P = 0.000048).

In both years, the differences among accessions were highly significant ( p = 0.00005 and p = 0.00003, respectively).

The extremely significant differences in bacterial community composition between bulk soil and plant rhizosphere (PERMANOVA test; P = 0.000050 for T1, P = 0.00010 for T2; Figures 1E, F ) suggested that plants influence bacterial communities.