Excerpts

When stratified by disease stage, individuals diagnosed at Stage I–III ( n = 142) exhibited significantly more favorable survival trends than those with Stage IV tumors ( n = 36), with highly significant survival differences ( p < 0.0000; Figure S3 ).

In both cases, there was considerably significant heterogeneity (I 2 83%, p = 0.00; I 2 89%, p = 0.00).

Differences in the number of spiral forms between the control and samples treated with 3-BP were statistically significant in a 1 h incubation ( p < 0.05) and highly significant for all time points starting from the 2 h incubation ( p < 0.0000).

The steroid dose differences between ABVD × 2–4 versus ABVD × 6, ABVD × 6 versus EB × 2 + ABVD × 4 and EB × 2 + ABVD × 4 versus EB × 4–6 protocols were highly significant ( p = 0.000) ( Table 2 ). 3.2.

The overlap between DroFN and the Drosophila proteome interaction map (DPiM [ 44 ]) was highly significant (Fisher Exact Test p < 10 −308 ).

[ 19 ], 244 were significantly positively correlated to YAP1 expression in the GSE45547 expression dataset, demonstrating a highly significant enrichment ( Figure 6 B; Hypergeometric test, p = 1.961398 × 10 −122 ).

Despite these differences, mRNA and protein levels displayed a highly significant positive Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.35 ( p = 3.6 × 10 −104 Figure 1 a).

A very interesting observation is the highly significant ( p < 10 −100 ) reduction of the expression variability in the cancer nodules with respect to the normal tissue.

RNA sequencing and allele expression imbalance (AEI) analysis of OS and matched healthy control samples revealed a highly significant AEI ( p = 2.14 × 10 −39 ) for SNPs in the BIRC3-YAP1 locus on pig chromosome 9.

The biomarker-derived risk score demonstrated independent prognostic value in CGGA-693 (multivariate Cox hazard ratio = 9.195; p < 0.001) after adjustment for WHO histological grade, with Kaplan–Meier analysis confirming highly significant survival separation (log-rank p = 4.60 × 10 −37 ).

Gene Polymorphisms Affecting Tumor Suppressor Proteins A polymorphism, rs78378222, in TP53 , which encodes the tumor suppressor TP53 gene, is highly significant for BCC, with an overall OR of 2.16 (95% CI 1.83–2.54; p = 2.2 × 10 −20 ).

Interestingly, in the RPPA study of LUAD carcinomas, machine learning provided a highly significant signature of metastasis ( p = 3.17 10 −19 ) that included the expression of β-F1-ATPase, IF1, superoxide dismutase (SOD2), thioredoxin (TRX), peroxiredoxin 6 (PRX6) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) modification of proteins [ 20 ].

We did a survival analysis with the 82 commonly downregulated genes in lung cancer using KM plotter, and an extremely significant favorable outcome was associated with higher expression of the set of genes (H = 0.35, p < 1 × 10 −16 ) in lung cancer patients ( Figure 4 C).

AHRR also showed highly significant hypomethylation ( p < 2 × 10 −16 ) ( Figure 4 I), confirming its consistent pattern of methylation loss across both lung cancer subtypes.

Our results demonstrate that subtype indicators are highly significant in predicting survival ( p -value < 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

This functional pathway analysis is highly significant with p < 5 × 10 −16 . 3.

The p value of the network was highly significant ( p = 2.75 × 10 −15 ), suggesting significantly more interactions than expected.

Replicates had highly significant Spearman rank correlation coefficients of 0.74–0.94 ( p = 4 × 10 −15 to 3 × 10 −24 ) per pair.

The multivariate analysis demonstrated that FH expression retained a highly significant effect on the angiogenesis score ( p = 1.97 × 10 −14 ), independent of age, tumor size, or molecular subtype. 3.3.

This analysis demonstrated that there was highly significant overlap between the genes for DEG-splicing and DEG-methylation (−log( p ) = 13; p = 2 × 10 −6 for both) and between CNV and SNV genes (−log( p ) = 3.1; p = 0.045) (significant = score > 3 = −log (0.05) for p = 0.05) ( Figure 1 A).

A highly significant, negative correlation was also observed between this DMR and MAB21L2 (r = −0.66, p = 1.35 × 10 −12 ), but not LRBA .

We found 1060 upregulated genes in Wit49 and 396 in 17.94, with a highly significant overlap of 212 genes between the two cell-lines ( p < 10 −10 ) ( Figure 3 A).

These two highly significant SNPs were rs1005277 near the ZNF25 gene (OR = 1.45, 95% CI, 1.29–1.62, p = 3.68 × 10 −10 ) and rs12417758 in a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) gene, RP11-867G23.13 (OR = 1.22, 95% CI, 1.11–1.34, p = 3.66 × 10 −5 ).

Between the 10 circRNA variants derived from the NRIP1 gene predicted, only one showed highly significant downregulation in the NSCLC samples ( p = 6.49 × 10 −10 ; FDR = 3.07 × 10 −6 ) (criterion #3).

As expected, subtype-defining clinical variables, including “Cancer Type Detailed” and “Subtype_Group”, showed highly significant differences between SS and PCAECTCL ( p ≈ 3.99 × 10 −9 ), validating cohort stratification.