Excerpts

For energy, carbohydrate, protein, fiber, calcium, vitamin C, and iron intake, an increasing trend was observed from the first to the third tertile, and then DQI-I subgroups such as variety and adequacy also increased.

The sub-group analysis also included a test for subgroup differences, which produced a chi-square statistic of 17.82 with 4 degrees of freedom, resulting in a highly significant p-value of less than 0.01.

A positive AROC indicates an increasing trend/slope or acceleration of mortality over the 30 years of TB, and a negative AROC indicates a decreasing trend/slope or deceleration of mortality.

The concentrations of certain metals showed slight variations across different years, with urinary levels of As, Hg, Mo, and Pb exhibiting a decreasing trend.

Overall, the SHS among middle school students shows a worrying trend, significantly compromising their normal healthy development and impacting the comprehensive enhancement of their life.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of university students in China, conducted from 2006 to 2015, revealed an increasing trend in alcohol consumption, with an increased rate of up to 66.8% in males and 31.7% in females among undergraduates [ 3 ].

Our finding of a decreasing trend of the past-year use of sedatives-hypnotics in young adult males was similar to those found in young adult males in European countries, e.g., people aged 18–25 years old in Finland from 2006 to 2014 [ 49 ], those aged 20–25 years old in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark from 2012 to 2018 [ 50 ], and those aged 20 to 29 years old in Norway from 2004 to 2019 [ 51 ].

With an increasing trend of sedative-hypnotic prescriptions in populations such as adults in the U.S. from 1996 to 2013 [ 7 ], adults in Canada from 2001 to 2016 [ 8 ], and children, adolescents, and young adults in Sweden from 2006 to 2013 [ 9 ], concerns are increasing regarding their associated adverse health effects, including dependence and abuse problems, fatal overdose, traffic accidents due to decreased motor coordination [ 10 , 11 ], falls and hip fractures among the elderly [ 12 ], and nonmedical use (NMU) [ 13 ].

An increasing trend was observed in the disease burden of CRC and PC.

explored the incidence and mortality of SC by sex groups, observing a decreasing trend for people aged 15–49 years using the GBD data resources [ 34 ].

Conclusion The study showed a decreasing trend in the incidence of transport injuries, but a steady mortality rate in the Volta Region.

Although BMI exhibited an increasing trend over time in both groups, the mean value remained higher in the control group, with a slight positive correlation reported between BMI and CMMSE score [rmcorr r = 0.032, P < 0.001].

One quite significant cause may relate to the information deluge, particularly misinformation that was disseminated via mostly social media platforms during the pandemic, to which students without a medical condition are more susceptible compared with students with medical conditions.

Similarly, a systematic review revealed a pooled prevalence of 31% during COVID-19 pandemic, with the highest rates in developing regions (33%), particularly in Uganda (68%), and the lowest in the USA (10%) [ 3 ] A secondary analysis of population based surveys (2000 to 2021) across 53 low- and middle- income countries reported a weighted prevalence of 37.2% among women aged 15 to 49 years, with an increasing trend observed in six countries, ranging from a 1.2% rise in Nigeria to a 6.6% rise in Sierra Leone (Ma et al., 2023) [ 4 ].

According to the Global Tuberculosis Report 2023, the estimated number of TB cases globally in 2022 is 10.6 million, equivalent to that in 2021, but showing an increasing trend compared with 2020 [ 1 ].

Our study showed there was a decreasing trend in the proportion of asymptomatic TB cases detected through ACF after 2019, compared to before 2019.

Except for High-BP, similar association was observed in Q1-Q4 groups and MetS components with a significant trend (P for trend < 0.001).

The burden of SAH in China and Japan from 1990 to 2019 Combining the results of EAPC and AAPC, we found that China and Japan showed a decreasing trend in both mortality and DALYs rates (Table S6 , 7 , 8 ), but there was a huge difference in incidence rate, with China’s SAH incidence decreasing from 1990 to 2019, while Japan’s SAH incidence increased from 1990 to 2019 (Table S5 , 8 ).

When gender was not considered, we found that the incidence of SAH in both China and Japan showed an increasing trend with age, which is in line with the world trend [ 13 ].

The exploratory EBD estimation of the attributable cardiovascular and respiratory mortality in Germany indicated a decreasing trend, comparable to the previously presented results (see Fig. 5 ).

The lack of soap at home (PR = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.89–1.74) and urban residency (PR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.94–1.34) were nearly significant.

The main result of an increased risk of lymphoma among tattooed was borderline significant.

There was a significant association between the CVD risk scores and frailty in the participants and an increasing trend across the age groups (aOR = 1.3 (1.1–1.4), 2.3 (1.1–2.6), 3.6 (3.1–4.2) and 5.0 (2.9–8.6)) for CVD scores of 5–9, 10–19, 20–29 and > 30 respectively compared to a CVD risk score of < 5.

As a result, we observed a significant trend of increasing unintended pregnancies among ALHIV that reflects the global failure to meet their SRH needs combining several mechanisms.

ARIMA and seasonal ARIMA models are commonly employed when the influenza data have a clear trend and seasonality.