Spermidine Attenuates Neuroimmune Dysfunction in Gulf War Illness via Modulation of the Gut- Brain Axis.

Mol Neurobiol · 2026 · PMC13068726 · PMID 41961384

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0996

closest p · 2.0× alpha

0.1035

boldest claim

The sentences

an increasing trendp = 0.0996so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The nuclear fraction of SPD-treated IECs also showed an increasing trend of Nrf-2 protein expression than control ( p = 0.0996).

also in 63,971 other papers

showed a trendp = 0.1035not close (p > 0.1)

2 B, p = 0.0024) and spermidine supplementation in GWI mice, although not significant, showed a trend toward increased branching compared to GWI mice ( p = 0.1035).

also in 53,322 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.