“practically significant”

Measuring the responses to 100 ppm of other toxic and practically significant VOCs (ammonia, alcohol, benzene, acetone, and trimethylamine) revealed that the sensitivity to formaldehyde was at least 2.1 times higher than that to each of the above test analytes ( Figure 24 ).

By considering the consensus of these features, we achieved an impressive area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of up to 0.91, which is practically significant.

Against this backdrop, it is theoretically and practically significant to explore the response speed and control accuracy of trajectory tracking for the double-linked flexible-joint manipulator [ 9 ].

The results show that during sample screening, while age (η 2 = 0.144) and ADL scores (η 2 = 0.111) may be moderately and above affected, most of the variables remained relatively balanced, i.e., did not have practically significant differences.

Although this may appear modest, in educational and behavioral sciences, where numerous factors influence outcomes, even small effect sizes and R 2 values can be practically significant.

The large effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.714) between VGG16 and ResNet50 suggests practically significant differences beyond statistical significance, while the moderate effect size with Xception (d = 0.167) indicates smaller practical differences.

As such, Hair (2019) suggested that to be “practically significant” (p. 151), loadings should be at least 0.50, meaning that the factor accounts for approximately 25% of variance in the indicator.

Effect size In large sample sizes, even small differences can become statistically significant (i.e., the p -value can be very small), which might not be practically significant.

Small but practically significant consequences emerged when contrasting the family and work control profiles to the low control and domain-specific control profiles.

In particular, we used the weighted area between curves (wABC) as a measure of I-DIF magnitude, with values greater than 0.30 indicative of practically significant I-DIF [ 87 ].

The observed positive association suggests that resilience plays a meaningful role in differentiating performance outcomes, with effect sizes indicating a practically significant contribution to athletic performance.

Given that short-duration electrooxidation (0–1 h) yields insufficient degradation/mineralization (<30%, Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 ) while generating more toxic intermediates than the parent pollutants ( Figure 7 ), the model’s predictive capability for longer treatment times—when process efficiency becomes practically significant —remains fully valid and operationally relevant. 3.

We used Ferguson’s (2016) criteria to assess effect sizes of the r and path coefficients, in which .20 is the recommended minimum effect size representing a practically significant effect, .50 represents a moderate effect and .80 represents a large effect.

Altogether, TWB is conceptually, empirically, and practically significant and, consequently, it is worth further investigation in order to unveil the true nature of TWB literature and the trajectory of its knowledge accumulation in the Asian context. 3.

By conducting this investigation within a Chinese regional university context, the research contributes empirical evidence on governance-civic relationships in a setting where hierarchical institutional networks, collectivist cultural norms, and emerging participatory governance models intersect in theoretically and practically significant ways.

Furthermore, effect size estimation via Cohen’s d and Cliff’s Delta also supported ASKNN, showing practically significant improvements relative to the compared models.

There is a need for the establishment and consensus on protocols within the scientific community to effectively identify gene variants that are both clinically and practically significant among the numerous loci that have been linked to obesity or CVD.

It is practically significant to enable active control of these plasmon resonance properties by external tuning methods.

However, the degradation did not appear to be practically significant, and surprisingly, increases in 13‐cis isomer reported by others during heat treatment of foodstuffs (Kurzer, 2013 ) were not observed.

The test design and structure of the Neurodetector have been recognized as novel and practically significant, as evidenced by the acquisition of patents in both Japan [ 89 ] and the United States [ 90 ]. 4.5.

The change was also practically significant as indicated by Glass’s Delta 0.93 (confidence interval 0.57 to 1.23), which is considered large for an effect size (Maher et al., 2013 ).

Suppose φ > 0 denotes an effect size such that a gene j with | β j | > φ is considered to have a practically significant impact on the response.

While there are some entrepreneurial capacity moderating factors, such as the recognized disability percentage, which is situated in the medium–high interval, namely, between 65 and 74%, which are practically significant, there are also other factors, such as belonging to an association, which are found not to be significantly related to the entrepreneurship of PWDs.

Focusing on subjective career success is theoretically and practically significant.

This work, therefore, adds to the growing evidence that in ecologically valid and practically significant situations decision quality can suffer [ 6 , 8 – 12 ].