a slight trendgold
In contrast, a previous European longitudinal study evaluating depression and anxiety also using PHQ-2 and GAD-2, respectively, found that there was a slight trend of decreasing prevalence rates in both probable depression (from 26.6% to 23.8%) and anxiety (from 17.7% to 16.7%) from November 2020 to April 2021, albeit there were significant differences between the included countries ( Hajek et al., 2022 ).