“a significant trend”

QoL scores improved over time, with a significant trend for DT, PHQ-4, and SCNS-SF-34.

found a significant trend of decreasing prevalence of migraine with increasing amounts of alcohol consumption among 51,383 participants of the Head-HUNT Study.

However, a significant trend in HA degradation for A/New Caledonia and B/Jiangsu was evident at 60°C when compared with 50°C exposure.

We found a significant trend of reduction in SO 2 concentrations in these years (from 1.33 μg/m 3 in 2016 to 0.67 μg/m 3 in 2019) (see supplementary figure S2E ).

Thickened hairs were not always associated with the mechanical closure of the spiracular valves and both phenotypes can be independent although a significant trend appears.

There was a significant trend of decrease in circular areas, irrespective of the cell numbers used for spheroid formation and the technique applied ( Figure 4 A1–B2).

In a subanalysis of patients who had undergone thyroid surgery of benign and malignant etiologies, we noticed a significant trend over the years.

Sustainability graphics in eco-friendly products With the worsening of global environmental issues and the promotion of sustainable development concepts, the design of eco-friendly products has become a significant trend in contemporary design ( 6 ).

CASA semen analysis provided somewhat stronger indications of an association between PFOA exposure and the percentage of progressive spermatozoa, with a significant trend in the adjusted analyses and a 13% relative decrease (95% CI: –23, –2%) in the percentage of progressive motile spermatozoa in the high-PFOA group compared with the low-PFOA group [see Supplemental Material, Table S2 ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205118 )].

A significant level of P < 0.05 was indicated as statistically significant, while values ranging from 0.05 to 0.10 were considered indicative of a significant trend tendency.

As for age adjusted standardized annual incidence of MS, it remained quite stable among men between 2010 and 2014 (3.7–3.9/100,000) and slightly diminished only in 2015 (3.1/100,000), without showing a significant trend.

Trend in diversity across longitudinal vaginal samples in term and preterm group In our Nigerian cohort, we observed a significant trend of increasing α-diversity with increasing gestational age.

In this subgroup, we saw a significant trend between average daily maximum exposure and FEV1 ( p -trend = 0.02 ) and significantly lower FEV1 ( − 228.3 mL , 95% CI: − 431.3 , − 25.3 ) among workers in the high-exposure group.

Long-term records from single rural weather stations can be less reliable, but quality controlled data for the region around Liuku show the same warming trend as at XTBG 45 and, in contrast to XTBG, a significant trend of decreasing rainfall of 27 mm per decade 46 .

There is a significant trend among all three selected algorithms; that is, the improvement of the PA pattern recognition accuracy highlighted after importing the multi-label cascade structure.

In these trials there was a significant trend towards greater efficacy with higher cumulative anthracycline dosage (χ 2 1 =8·0, 2p=0·005; figure 4A ).

The emergence, however nascent, of an Ethiopian-Somali identity is a significant trend, and yet in the decade following Hagmann and Khalif’s ( 2006 ) study of the possibilities for this identity amidst the changing politics in eastern Ethiopia, little more has been written on the topic, much less in relation to diaspora studies.

After multivariable adjustments, there was a significant trend for increasing mortality with increasing quartile of NLR; however, this did not follow a stepwise pattern as it did in the primary analysis (adjusted ORs: first quartile = reference value; second quartile = 1.55 (95% CI, 1.08 to 2.23), P = 0.02); third quartile = 1.30 (95% CI, 0.90 to 1.86), P = 0.2); fourth quartile = 1.99 (95% CI, 1.41 to 2.82), P < 0.001).

Note that neither murre ( F 1,8 = 0.99, p = 0.35) nor fulmar ( F 1,10 = 1.03, p = 0.33) trophic position exhibited a significant trend through time.

Although direct correlations with the entire data set were weak (rho values of the Spearman’s rank correlation were only 0.07 for GWAVA and 0.01 for fitCons scores), a correlation with the average scores of NCO rate bins revealed a significant trend for GWAVA-scores and no association with fitCons scores (Fig. 2 a).

This approach is equivalent to a meta-analysis testing for a significant trend when combining the individual disciplines or questions because each is weighted by its sample size.

We did not find a significant trend for stage of the disease when considering all patients or the subcohorts defined by follow-up.

Second, by focusing on the derived alleles arisen during human evolution, we demonstrated a significant trend toward fixation of derived protective alleles.

Histidine, ornithine, and phenylalanine changed in a significant trend from normal patients to stages A through D ( Table 1 ).

Furthermore, they found that even among patients with FH whose ASCVD risk is elevated substantially by a rare genetic variation, there is a significant trend of association between a PRS comprising multiple common genetic variations independent of a rare FH mutation and ASCVD risk ( 29 ).