“a decreasing trend”

For example, Germany’s first hay cut showed a decreasing trend relative to that of wild-grown grass (Bock et al. 2013 ).

A decreasing trend was shown in cluster 1, cluster 2, and cluster 4.

Finally, the predictive discrimination of EAMI was higher than the GRACE score during the 1-year follow-up period, but showed a decreasing trend.

During 2003–2011, malaria prevalence exhibited a decreasing trend and there were significant positive associations with annual average temperature (Estimate: 0.123, p < 0.001), maximum temperature (Estimate: 0.026, p < 0.001), and relative humidity (Estimate: 0.04, p < 0.001).

The positive area analysis revealed a decreasing trend of TNF‐α and IL‐6 in the GelMA/SA+1% SFs/AuNRs/DXM NIR (+) group (Figure S8d,e , Supporting Information).

7 , 20 Despite the limited available data, studies suggest a decreasing trend in the incidence of cataracts associated with ICL V4c (with a central hole) compared to models without a central hole. 9 , 12 , 20 ASC is considered to be the ICL-related form of cataract, and most studies have reported that the indication of ASC after ICL implantation might be related to low vault height, fluidics of the aqueous humor, and the age of patients. 6 , 7 , 20–22 We found that clinical ASC and nuclear cataract occurred in only one eye (0.69%) that was scheduled for phacoemulsification.

These findings were much lower (SM = 28.6%, SLT = 23.5%, 45–60 years) than the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS)−2 (2016–2017) suggesting a decreasing trend [ 12 ].

Dynamics and projections of indicators, 2000–2020 Among them, the model parameter development coefficient “a” reflects the intrinsic development trend of the time series data, “a” is “negative” indicates that the series has an increasing trend, “a” is “positive” indicates that the series has a decreasing trend.” The absolute value of “a” indicates the magnitude of increase or decrease, the smaller the absolute value of “a” indicates the smaller the magnitude of change in the time series, and vice versa [ 17 ].

In addition, the analysis employing join point regression to examine age‐standardized hospitalization rates across rural and urban areas demonstrated a decreasing trend.

A decreasing trend in all entitled compounds in solvent phase is as follows: DBTD4 (6.68 × 10 −28 ) > DBTD3 (6.23 × 10 −28 ) > DBTD5 (6.04 × 10 −28 ) > DBTD2 (5.33 × 10 −28 ) = DBTD6 (5.33 × 10 −28 ) > DBTD1 (4.23 × 10 −28 ) > DBTD7 (3.73 × 10 −28 ) and DBTR (2.17 × 10 −28 ) Table S47. † The calculated β tot in gas phase of all examined compounds is presented in Table S55. † In the second hyper-polarizability, the values of γ tot are the highest for the DBTD5 and DBTD4 compounds for solvent phase, which have the lowest band gaps.

The GSEA results revealed an increasing trend in circadian rhythm-related KEGG pathways, while GO biological processes involved in circadian rhythm regulation showed a decreasing trend ( Fig. 5 F).

The AAMR for NH white exhibited a decreasing trend from 1999 to 2012, with an APC of –1.02 (95% CI: –2.15 to –0.22), which then increased from 2012 to 2020, showing an APC of 4.70 (95% CI: 3.24–7.15).

Metropolitan areas showed consistently lower AAMRs, with a decreasing trend, whereas AAMRs for non-metropolitan areas decreased until 2018, after which a significant increase was observed, widening the mortality gap.

After LT stress, both root and ACP activities showed a decreasing trend, and ACP activities decreased significantly.

The trends of soil alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus were both ‘S’ shaped, with an increasing trend from March 2017 to the seedling stage, a decreasing trend from the seedling stage to the fruiting stage, and an increasing trend from the fruiting stage to the period of the root growth stage.

For instance, in endometrial polyps, the level of Proteobacteria in the entire reproductive tract was lower than that in healthy women, and Lactobacillus showed a decreasing trend throughout the entire reproductive tract of endometrial carcinoma.

Other analyses Following the primary analysis, several subgroup analyses were also conducted: (1) only including years 2019–2020, as these years included both implants while in 2017–2018 only the control device was used, and because a decreasing trend in LOS was observed throughout, (2) excluding saphenous block + LIA as this was mostly used in 2020, mainly by surgeon 3 and mostly alongside the study device, (3) excluding surgeon 3 who operated mostly with the study device, (4) only including year 2019 with the same justification as (1) and because in 2019 there was an equal distribution of procedures between the control and study devices, and (5) excluding surgeons 2 and 3, and saphenous block + LIA with the same justification as (2) and (3), and because surgeon 1 did not use saphenous block + LIA except in one case.

minax showed a decreasing trend from west to east in the Junggar Basin, with statistically significant differences in the three areas ( H I–III = 4.33, df = 1, P I–III < 0.001; H II, III = 3.93, df = 1, P II, III < 0.001).

The four treatment groups showed a decreasing trend in Pn.

In general, compared to no-fertilization treatment, the application of N and P fertilizers resulted in increased plant height, stem thickness, crude protein, and ether extract of alfalfa, while neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) exhibited a decreasing trend.

The age-period-cohort model also confirmed that the period and cohort effects of urolithiasis showed a decreasing trend from year to year.

Overall, the azimuth showed a decreasing trend, indicating a shift in the direction of forest land expansion from a “northeast-southwest” orientation towards an “east-west” orientation.

In addition, DALY of the total patients with the presence of 3 join points shows a decreasing trend, AAPC=-0.17 (-0.21, -0.14) which indicates that the effect of reducing DALY in men was greater than the effect of increasing it in women in this period.

A decreasing trend in unfavorable outcomes was noted, from 18.84 % in 2019 to 10.71 % in 2022 (Kendall's tau (τ) = −0.0686).

Flow cytometry showed a decreasing trend of classical monocyte counts during MS progression.