According to Figure 4 c, TK, AK, SOC had highly significant negative effects on fungi community ( p < 0.001), whereas capacity, Slope, AP, AN, and Canopy demonstrated highly significant positive impacts ( p < 0.001).
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The variations among genotypes and the growth response to supplied N, i.e., the interaction between N supply and genotypes were also highly significant ( p < 0.001) in shoot dry matter, shoot N uptake, shoot N concentration, total leaf area, photosynthesis and leaf nitrate reductase (NRA) activity ( Table 1 , Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) The variation among genotypes was usually significant, but smaller at low than high N condition.
The effect of the year was highly significant ( p < 0.001), with total dry matter yield in 2024 being approximately 76% lower than in 2023.
Effects of Grazing on Community-Level Plant Hydraulic Traits Grazing had a highly significant ( p < 0.001) effect on the community-weighted mean (CWM) of six out of the seven hydraulic traits measured; only CWM_C leaf was not significantly affected.
Notably, C i exhibited negative correlations with all measured indicators ( r = −0.740 to −0.229), which are significant for Chla, Chlb, and TChl ( p < 0.05), and highly significant for Tr and SSC ( p < 0.001).
In Chardonnay, NDVI exhibited a strong and highly significant negative correlation with °Brix in 2023 (r = −0.86; R 2 = 0.74; p < 0.001), indicating that low-vigor vines accumulated higher soluble solids at harvest.
At low VPD, a significant correlation between vein and stomata in both G and R plants (R 2 = 0.96, and 0.88, p < 0.001) was found, which was based on lower values of both parameters compared to high VPD where the relation was highly significant too (R 2 = 0.87 and 0.93, p < 0.001) ( Figure 3 ). 2.4.
The potential yield per hectare showed highly significant differences between the treatments ( p = 0.001), where T. koningiopsis (T-K11) showed higher production (1.60 ± 0.01 t/ha −1 ), presenting 64.04 pods per m 2 .
The difference between the Shannon–Weaner diversity indices, obtained for Chaupisacha (H′) 1.29 ± 0.03 and Reventazón (H′) 1.02 ± 0.005, was highly significant (Student t -test, p < 0.001), with Chaupisacha having a greater number of species and diversity, although the density of orchids in this sector was much lower than in the La Renventazón.
On the other hand, the results indicated that priming Vigna unguiculata seeds caused a highly significant increase ( p < 0.001) in the amino acids content of the cotyledons, radicles and plumules.
A highly significant correlation ( p ≤ 0.001) was observed between SOD and POD (positive).
spinosum showed a strong and highly significant association with the ordination configuration (NMDS1 = 0.9999, NMDS2 = 0.0110, r 2 = 0.353, p = 0.001; 999 permutations), indicating that shrub dominance was closely aligned with the primary compositional gradient captured by the NMDS.
Mixed-Effect Analysis Mixed-effects modeling ( Table 4 ) of individual leaf characteristics revealed highly significant baseline levels for the considered variables (intercept p < 0.001), with notable values for intercellular space (271.19) and SLA (101.35), which do indicate leaf developmental stage.
Variability in Agronomic Traits of Assessed Genotypes Multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) based on Wilks’ lambda test revealed highly significant differences (F = 0.175; p < 0.001) among accessions for agronomic traits across years.
Treatment, DAP and their interaction were all highly significant ( p < 0.001; Figure 2 b; Table S3 ).
All the models were highly significant ( p -value < 0.001), displaying a non-significant lack-of-fit ( p -value > 0.05) that indicated a good fit.
Spatial PCA analysis revealed highly significant global ( p = 0.001) but non-significant ( p = 0.89) local spatial structures ( Figure S6 ), indicating signatures of among-site separations.
Pairwise Pearson’s coefficients of correlation among traits were calculated and highly significant ( p < 0.001) positive correlations were detected between RS and RSTS ( R = 0.999), RS and AAC ( R = 0.464), and RSTS and AAC ( R = 0.461; Figure 2 ).
The forward selection of these significant factors produced a highly significant ( P < 0.001) model with an adjR 2 of 30% ( Table 3 ). 3.
Effect of Shading and Fruit Growth Stage on Red Blush Colour The interaction between the shading treatments and the growth stages was highly significant ( p < 0.001), which implies that the temporal pattern of change in blush colour parameters was different for different shading treatments, as can be seen in Figure 2 and Figure 3 .
Highly significant mean squares for all sources of variation ( p < 0.001) indicated ample differences amongst the six environments and amongst entries.
The applied irrigation treatments and walnut cultivars exhibited highly significant effects ( p < 0.001) on both parameters.
The results revealed a highly significant positive correlation ( p < 0.001) among SH, BD, and SL, while a significant positive correlation ( p < 0.05) was observed between SR and indicators such as SH and SL ( Figure 1 A).
Highly significant variations were found at ( p < 0.001) between genotypes.
p < 0.05 considered significant, p < 0.01 considered highly significant and p < 0.001 considered very highly significant.