Excerpts

Similarity of gene expression between the two groups was highly significant ( p = 1.0 e-323).

The 6-bp difference from in vivo and nonlinked experiments is highly significant ( p <10 −300 , WMW test) and shows a major role for chaperones [48] in positioning H2A.Z nucleosomes, which is confirmed by the in vitro reconstitutions in the presence of ACF1 and Nap1 [2] .

For example, in the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC) dataset [ 13 ], the odds ratio ( OR ) of MS for individuals possessing one or more of these alleles is highly significant–for HLA-DRB1 * 15 : 01 ( OR = 3 . 24; p<<10 − 300 ); for HLA-DRB1 * 03 : 01 ( OR = 1 . 27; p<10 − 11 ); and for HLA-A*02 : 01 ( OR = 0 . 69; p<10 − 53 ).

In total, 568 predicted promoters were found in proximity (≤40 nucleotides) of the putative TSSs, showing a highly significant co-occurrence of predicted promoter and TSS (p-value<10 −263 ).

This overlap is highly significant, as the probability of such an overlap to occur in random is very low (p<10 −256 ). 45% of the 402 overlapped CpG islands are located in intronic and intergenic areas, 6% in promoters and 49% in exons.

A t-test of the distribution of LDA accuracy scores between the pathway-centric versus conventional approaches is highly significant (p<1.0e-255).

The difference between African American and European American in this set was also highly significant (t-test p -value = 7.26x10 -237 ), and remained so when evaluating controls only, as cases may be enriched for fibroproliferative alleles above those in the general population (t-test p -value = 6.38x10 -127 ).

The strong positive correlation between the cophenetic pairwise distances and proteomic dissimilarities is highly significant (rho = 0.6540, p-value = 1.9599e-195; r = 0.7291, p-value = 7.6776e-265), suggesting that the representative tree illustrates quite well the differences in the proteomic properties.

For KEGG GSs, there was a large number of highly significant GS associations (minimum nominal p = 3.84x10 −129 ); however, the majority of the top results were driven by the 13 GSs which include the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes.

Changes to plan shape Throughout the entire handaxe sample, the correlation between tip length and PC1 ( Fig 14 ) is highly significant (r = .642, p = 1.2889E-128), supporting an allometric relationship between handaxe shape and size.

In particular, highly significant genome-wide associations signals were observed in the coding region of the translocase of the mitochondrial outer membrane gene (TOMM40: rs2075650, p = 8.54×10 −116 , OR = 4.48; rs157580, p = 9.6×10 −35 , OR = 0.51 and rs8106922, p = 1.17×10 −25 , OR = 0.57), upstream of the apolipoprotein C-I gene (APOC1: rs439401, p = 8.82×10 −29 , OR = 0.54), inside the poliovirus receptor related 2 isoform delta gene (PVRL2: rs6859, p = 7.87×10 −28 , OR = 1.7 and rs3852861 p = 5.32×10 −11 , OR = 0.64) and between TOMM40 and the APOE gene (rs405509, p = 2.29×10 −27 , OR = 0.57).

Observing such an intersection at random, under a uniform/independent null model, is highly significant (p-value < 10 −100 ).

Gender and age Even after exclusion of sex-linked genes, gender was independently associated with the largest number of expression traits ( n = 31) which, considered all together, contributed to a highly significant discrimination between males and females ( P <10 −100 ).

Association analysis The SNP AC000158: g.1390292G>A , within intron 3 showed a highly significant association with the polled genotype (χ 2 =423, -log 10 P=91.85) ( Table 1 Figure 1) and perfect co-segregation in all 443 Holsteins.

GDF11 and the EGF receptor inhibitor AG1478 regulated a common set of 2466 probes, with a highly significant ( p <10 −83 ) r value of 0.37.

The difference was highly significant (p = 8.7E-83, Fisher exact test; OR = 334 [146–864]; Table 2 ) with 79 out of 93 SFTs that were positive (85%) versus only 12 out of 752 STSs (1.6%), thus confirming the transcriptional data.

The Wilcoxon rank sum test yields highly significant p-values < 10 −81 for all pairs of years.

A sizeable and highly significant correlation between ingroup reception and ingroup transmission was identified in both conditions (Balanced: OR = 5.56, 95% CI [4.67, 6.65], P = 9.02×10 −81 ; Ingroup-biased: OR = 4.70, 95% CI [3.38, 6.58], P = 8.45×10 −20 ; see S7 Table for details).

As shown in Table 1 , the PGF levels are higher in the Denmark sample (median ± interquartile range, sd: 15.9±4.9 in Denmark vs 12.2±4.7 in Cilento) and the difference is highly significant (p = 3.9×10 −79 ) (see Figure 2 ), as assessed with a multivariate analysis taking into account the effect of age, sex, menstruation, and smoking and using the Cilento age-matched sample.

This result is highly significant, with P-value<10 −77 ; this p-value is calculated based on 10,000-time permutation evaluating the possibility that 66 out of 83 randomly selected regions overlap or contain with CpG island.

The Pearson correlation of individual question scores for the same participant was r = 0.19, which was highly significant with p = 7e-75 (n = 9520).

Bartlett’s test of sphericity was found highly significant for both item pools ( p < .01×10 −70 ).

A highly significant statistical analysis ( p = 1.14×10 −69 ), also in agreement with its experimental counterpart, further supported the evidence for gradient directed migration of the MV3 melanoma cells inside the virtual chamber.

The ChIP-seq targets of Cbf11 and Cbf12, on the other hand, showed a highly significant overlap (71 shared genes, p = 4 × 10 −69 ).

The obtained test statistic demonstrated a highly significant variation among algorithms (χ2 = 361.47, df = 17, p = 2.02 × 10 − 66), confirming that the null hypothesis of equivalent performance can be rejected at the 0.05 significance level.