Excerpts

The effects of each treatment are summarized in Table 2 ; Fisher's Exact Test indicates that all treatments and effects are highly significant compared to the control (p<10 −9 ).

The difference in medians, 13, is also quite significant ( W = 1075516.5, p < 10 −9 ).

Genome-wide, SLC39A8 (p<4.3×10 −10 ) was one of only 19 genes that passed a combined highly significant statistical association (p<10 −9 ) with tumor aggressiveness [73] .

The high frequency of the correlation of the known causative gene with the overall LGMD2 gene set is highly significant relative to the mean number of genes (n = 72) in each 6 Mb interval (p-value = 1.24e-09).

This analysis revealed a highly significant Treatment × Block interaction (F(5,352) = 10.729, p = 1.30 × 10 − 9), indicating that freezing dynamics across experimental blocks differed as a function of treatment condition.

This association between IVIG resistance and CAL development was highly significant (Fisher's exact p = 1.4×10 −9 ).

Enrichment analysis (Fisher's exact test using Gene Ontology terms) of those genes with increased expression revealed highly significant enrichment in genes with the terms ‘cell cycle’ (45 genes, enrichment p = 1.4E-9), ‘kinetochore’ (8 genes, p = 1.5E-6), ‘pericentric chromosome-binding’ (10 genes, p = 3.4E-6), ‘DNA replication’ (17 genes, p = 6.0E-6), and ‘DNA-binding’ (103 genes, p = 0.0001), whereas analysis of the genes that were decreased revealed enrichment in genes with the terms ‘membrane-binding’ (391 genes, p = 9.8E-12), ‘integral-to-membrane’ (333 genes, p = 5.1E-9), ‘lysosomal’ (24 genes, p = 1.2E-5), and ‘golgi apparatus’ (29 genes, p = 0.0001) (a complete list of the terms is in Figure S2 ).

The difference between control and affected slopes was highly significant (Z = 5.9401, p = 1.43E-09).

Using logistic regression with the GDP term reduced the deviance from 114.0 (df = 28) to 29.2 (df = 27), a highly significant improvement in fit (p = 1.8E-9).

The P value derived from this test was also highly significant (P = 3.9×10 −9 ), pinpointing that CH, but not DH, could account for the identified association.

Significantly, we observed highly significant (p<4×10 −9 ) and positive (R 2 >0.80) correlations between levels of differentially-expressed transcripts identified in the presence of ouabain and K + -free medium ( Fig. 4 ).

This effect was highly significant (HR 4.778, 95%CI: 2.837–8.046, p = 4.08x10 -9 ).

A highly significant 20% of the genes targeted by PLZF/RARA have altered expression patterns ( P = 4.99×10 −9 , Fisher exact ) with 11% becoming down regulated and 9% being up regulated upon PLZF/RARA binding ( Figure 2a ).

This difference was highly significant (p = 5.1×10 −9 Student's t-test) and was confirmed by bisulphite sequencing ( Fig. 3 ).

Interestingly, while no clear correlation was identified between temperature, or salinity and diversity levels of Aminicenantes at OTU 0.03 , a positive highly significant correlation existed between the dataset diversity rank and the environment’s oxygen tension (Spearman rank correlation coefficient = 0.4, p-value = 5.3E-9).

Fisher’s Exact Test revealed a highly significant p-value (p-value = 6.52e-09), indicating a statistically significant difference between the observed DEG overlap and random overlap.

A highly significant inverse correlation was observed between 8-oxodG level in sperm DNA and sperm concentration ( r = −0.52; p = 0.000000007) ( Figure 2A ), for the whole study population.

Two microRNAs, miR-29a and miR-29c, were disclosed and further meta-analysis of the six mRNA expression datasets showed that these two microRNAs were highly significant based on the Fisher p-value combination (p = 9.14×10 −9 for miR-29a and p = 1.14×10 −6 for miR-29c).

Because of this bias, PBIF modeling found a larger decrease in V T in cannabis smokers (−27% in the prefrontal cortex compared with −19% using full input), and the group×region interaction was statistically highly significant (F = 17.1, p = 0.00000001) ( Fig. 2B ).

When combining our results across all seven taxa, we found that the overall pattern–i.e., more highly interconnected hub genes exhibited stronger evolutionary constraint–was highly significant (Fisher’s combined probability test, P < 1E-08 for both dN and ω [using CombinePValue; https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=CombinePValue ]; S2 Appendix ).

All enrichments for GO ontologies representing these six biological processes were highly significant; P <10 −8 .

The observation that 20 AE-linked cytobands were found in the top 70 hits is highly significant ( P <10 −8 , hypergeometric distribution, with 624 total cytobands in the genome), whereas only 2 cytobands are expected to overlap by chance alone.

We listed highly significant genetic effects of loci (−Log 10 P >8.0 and >1.0%, >0.5%) and consistent loci with environment interaction which were stable in a particular ecological area across at least two years for lint yield and three yield traits ( Figure 1 , Table 2 – 5 ).

Hits were declared nominally significant for p -values ≤10 −8 and suggestive for p -values ranging from 10 −6 to 10 −8 ( Material and Methods , Figure S11 ).

In this analysis, 263 p53 target genes were co-bound by JMJD3, which gives a highly significant overlap between JMJD3 and p53 target genes (p<10 −8 ).