At 150 mg/L Cd, highly significant differences ( p < 0.01) were observed in primary root length, and significant differences ( p < 0.05) in root fresh weight ( Figures 1B, C ), which resulted in declines of 72.11% and 19.59% for primary root length and root fresh weight, respectively.
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Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences (p < 0.01) among genotypes for all agronomic parameters ( Table 1 ).
The structural scoring metrics exhibited a highly significant positive correlation (p < 0.01); specifically, the C2Qscore strongly correlated with the interface predicted template modeling score (ipTM, R = 0.94) and the interface predicted aligned error (iPAE, R = 0.90), as well as VoroIF (R = 0.70).
There was a highly significant interaction effect between seed treatment and variety on β-amylase activity (P < 0.01).
The correlation with AK was highly significant ( P < 0.01).
Analysis of variance for grain Fe and Zn concentration The pooled analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed highly significant differences (p < 0.01) amongst genotypes for both grain Fe and Zn concentration, indicating the presence of substantial genetic variability within the studied germplasm ( Table 1 ).
As shown in the figure, average SWS and jujube yield exhibit a highly significant ( p < 0.01, 2021) or significant ( p < 0.05, 2022) positive correlation.
Regarding structural uniformity, the spatial autocorrelation coefficient of canopy height showed a highly significant positive correlation with yield (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.82**, P < 0.01), indicating that more uniform distribution of plant height across the field correlates with higher yield.
Aboveground growth and plant biomass accumulation There were highly significant differences in the height and ground diameter of S. glabra between the different agroforestry systems ( P < 0.01, Figures 1A, B ; Supplementary Table 1 ).
Among leaf structural traits, SLA exhibited a highly significant negative correlation with LT and LMA ( P < 0.01), and a significant negative correlation with LDMC ( P < 0.05).
As shown in Table 2 , chlorophyll fluorescence parameters exhibited highly significant differences ( p < 0.01) among the varieties.
The Spearman correlation matrix showed a compact block of positive and highly significant correlations (ρ > 0.6; p < 0.01) among SPAD, photosynthesis, yield, shoot biomass, root biomass, plant height, and harvest index ( Figure 3 ).
NDVI showed a highly significant positive correlation with PC 1 ( r = 0.32, p < 0.01) and a highly significant negative correlation with PC 2 ( r = -0.50, p < 0.01).
Although the year effect on this trait was statistically insignificant (F = 0.11, p > 0.05), the C × Y interaction was highly significant (F = 15.98, p < 0.01), indicating that cultivar performance varied across years.
Moreover, Castanopsis eyrei showed highly significant positive correlations with all diversity indices (P < 0.01), with correlation coefficients of 0.401, 0.438, 0.443, and 0.425, respectively.
Additionally, Friedman test of Dor among the lines show highly significant difference ( P < 0.01) for the three detections, implying minor phenotypic detection error for the obtained phenotype data.
The significance levels were highly significant ( P <0.01) and significant ( P <0.05).
(2016) employed X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and ICP-OES methods for estimating Fe and Zn densities in diverse pearl millet genotypes and identified highly significant and positive correlations between these two advanced techniques for Fe (r = up to 0.97, p <0.01) and Zn (r = up to 0.98, p <0.01) contents.
Highly significant positive correlations were observed between C a and C i , as well as between C a , C i and carbon metabolism-related DEGs ( p <0.01) ( Figure 5B (a, b)).
Differences were regarded as statistically significant at P < 0.05 and highly significant at P < 0.01.
The cultivar × treatment interaction was highly significant (F = 136.57, p < 0.01), indicating differential responses of the two cultivars under the second harvest conditions. 3.2.
Under both treatments, year, genotypes, and genotypes × year interactions showed a highly significant effect ( p ≤ 0.01) for most traits, indicating differential response of genotypes to the treatments as well as year.
The decrease in the rubber content in the latex of CATAS7-33-97 was significant at the middle stage (30 min) ( P < 0.05) and highly significant at the late stage (60 min) ( P < 0.01) of latex flow.
Moreover, the three-way interaction of treatment × cultivar × year was highly significant ( Figure 2 , p < 0.01), suggesting that the combined effects of drought, genotype, and growing season are complex and non-additive. 3.2 Oat drought resistance index The drought resistance index (DI) of different oat cultivars over two years is presented in Figure 3 .
As shown in Table 5 , wheat-straw returning, K application, and their interaction exerted significant ( p < 0.05) or highly significant ( p < 0.01) effects on K translocation amount and K translocation contribution rate in stem sheaths (leaves) during the grain-filling stage, as well as K agronomic efficiency (KAE) and K physiological efficiency (KRE).