Excerpts

Effects of genotype and severance on plant performance in the first phase Severance had highly significant negative effects on all components of mass and on ramet number of the apical portion ( Figures 1A–F ; Table 1A : F = 19.03 – 35.04; P = 0.000 – 0.000).

Likelihood ratio tests indicated a highly significant genetic effect (LRT = 197.9, df = 1, P < 10 -100 ), suggesting that approximately 70% of the phenotypic variation is attributable to genetic factors.

The overlap between the DEG sets identified under +N and –N conditions was highly significant ( Supplementary Figure 2 ; hypergeometric test: upregulated genes, P = 9.35 × 10 -64 ; downregulated genes, P = 1.78 × 10 -10 ).

These ROS-responsive genes overlapped with 207 ++Fe-induced and 10 ++Fe-suppressed genes, and the degree of overlap between ROS-responsive and ++Fe-inducible genes was highly significant ( P = 1.5 × 10 -59 by Fisher’s exact test), confirming that excess Fe causes oxidative stress in leaves ( Figure 6E ).

The QPHSg.wsu-2D locus was highly significant in this GWAS (7.64 < –log 10 ( p ) < 37.13), and had strong effects (0.02 to 0.72).

CHUP1 Candidate Gene for bgm-1 The GWAS analysis of CIAT’s 412 breeding lines detected a highly significant interval on Pv03: 2.43–2.54 Mbp with a peak SNP S03_2524224 [−log10( P -value) = 35.23] ( Table 3 and Supplementary Table 3A ).

When GG haplotypes (Hap5-8) were compared with AA haplotypes (Hap1-4), a highly significant difference in 5-FTHF level was observed (P = 3.58 × 10 -29 , n = 193) ( Figure 5 ).

The resulting Manhattan plot ( Figure 5B ) identified several highly significant metabolic hubs: 3.6.1 Stress-induced lipid amide accumulation The tentative lipid amide (m/z 338.33) was the most significant feature ( p < 10 -28 ), showing prominent accumulation in T3 and T4 samples as a marker for biotic stress. 3.6.2 Phenolic partitioning and correlation with lipid derivatives Quantitative analysis showed that Benzoic acid (GC_BA-TMS) levels were significantly higher in T2 compared to all other treatments.

We observed highly significant ( p < 1e−20) enrichment for the GO biological process (BP) term “translation”, GO molecular function (MF) term “structural constituent of ribosome”, and GO cellular compartment (CC) term “ribosome” among GO terms for differentially downregulated genes in external cortical tissues after 3 months of storage.

All were highly significant ( p < 10 –16 for all chromosomes after Bonferroni correction), with over 96% of the variation in the F5 position being explained by the F2 position for every chromosome tested ( Figure 2 ).

The ANOVA test revealed that the prediction of fresh weight by the finalized model was highly significant ( p < 2e-16).

Effects of genotypes on pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination of maize Aflatoxin contamination was highly significant among maize genotypes (p < 2e-16) ( Table 15 ), with A2207–4 having the lowest level (1.33 μg/kg) and YANGA-5–2 the highest (7.65 μg/kg), as shown in Table 16 .

The effect of time alone was highly significant (P< 2 × 10 -16 , 99.999% CI), though genotype-time interaction was not statistically significant (P = 0.4904, 5% CI) ( Figure 5C ).

239.3 cm) compared to Sb, and in both cases differences resulted highly significant ( p = 2.2×10 −16 and p = 2.7×10 −15 for MAT and PH, respectively).

Subsequently, they report “a highly significant correlation (ρ = 0.15, P < 2.2 × 10 −16 )” and conclude that this signals gene flow.

The mean values of the non-invasively measured community-wide parameters obtained by DWCP seem to give a valid representation of the actual plant community as indicated by the highly significant positive relationship between the weighted plant biomass removed from sods and the digital biomass extracted from scans (quadratic polynomial regression, p < 2.2e-16, adjusted R 2 = 0.59, see Additional Figure 3 ), supporting results from scans of plant individuals ( Laxman et al., 2018 ).

Correlation between tests was highly significant for both tissue types, but stronger for leaf tissue (p <2.2 × 10 −16 ; r = 0.83) than cotyledons (p <2.2 × 10 −16 ; r = 0.72).

The Spearman’s correlation coefficients (ρ) between the positions of the markers on linkage map and physical map were positive (0.996-to-0.999) and highly significant (p-value < 2.2e -16 ), with an average of 0.999 ( Supplementary Table 5 ).

This difference in the proportion of homologous genes between preferentially sporophyte expressed and all expressed genes was highly significant in both species according to a chi-squared test ( P. patens : χ 2 df = 1 = 206.16, p < 2.2 × 10 –16 ; F. hygrometrica : χ 2 df = 1 = 384.73, p < 2.2 × 10 –16 ).

The high proportion of variation among environmental means in Figure 3 is supported by highly significant (p< 2.2e-16) differences among the mean effect of each environment.

FT showed a highly significant difference between groups (p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ), with substantially higher survival observed in Eastern European genotypes compared to those from Southern Europe.

Bartlett’s test of sphericity was highly significant (χ2 = 362.49, df = 11, p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ), confirming that the correlation matrix was not an identity matrix and that the dataset had sufficient inter-variable relationships for factor analysis.

andersonii (tested via independent samples Wilcoxon rank-sum test), while its F is value was also significantly lower ( P < 0.05).Furthermore, verification of Rarefied Allelic Richness (Ar) via the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test revealed a highly significant difference between the two species (chi-squared = 1770.3, df = 1, P < 2.2e-16), confirming that the genetic diversity of B. andersonii is robustly higher than that of B. tianguii even after standardizing sample sizes ( Figure 3 ). 3.3.

Highly significant p -values for both directions (lesser and greater, p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ) were recorded.

While there is a highly significant correlation between PC1 for both methods ( R 2 = 0.949, p < 1 × 10 −15 ), later PCs are often not significantly correlated, with the most notable exception being EFD PC2 and PH PC3 ( R 2 = 0.432, p < 1 × 10 −15 ), although several other PCs also show weak correlations.